lemon/arg_parser.h
author Alpar Juttner <alpar@cs.elte.hu>
Wed, 03 Mar 2010 17:22:13 +0000
changeset 859 ac5f72c48367
parent 440 88ed40ad0d4f
child 877 141f9c0db4a3
permissions -rw-r--r--
Merge #301
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/* -*- mode: C++; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
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 *
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 * This file is a part of LEMON, a generic C++ optimization library.
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 *
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 * Copyright (C) 2003-2009
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 * Egervary Jeno Kombinatorikus Optimalizalasi Kutatocsoport
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 * (Egervary Research Group on Combinatorial Optimization, EGRES).
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 *
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 * Permission to use, modify and distribute this software is granted
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 * provided that this copyright notice appears in all copies. For
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 * precise terms see the accompanying LICENSE file.
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 *
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 * This software is provided "AS IS" with no warranty of any kind,
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 * express or implied, and with no claim as to its suitability for any
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 * purpose.
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 *
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 */
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#ifndef LEMON_ARG_PARSER_H
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#define LEMON_ARG_PARSER_H
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#include <vector>
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#include <map>
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#include <list>
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#include <string>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <sstream>
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <lemon/assert.h>
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///\ingroup misc
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///\file
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///\brief A tool to parse command line arguments.
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namespace lemon {
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  ///Exception used by ArgParser
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  class ArgParserException : public Exception {
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  public:
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    enum Reason {
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      HELP,         /// <tt>--help</tt> option was given
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      UNKNOWN_OPT,  /// Unknown option was given
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      INVALID_OPT   /// Invalid combination of options
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    };
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  private:
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    Reason _reason;
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  public:
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    ///Constructor
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    ArgParserException(Reason r) throw() : _reason(r) {}
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    ///Virtual destructor
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    virtual ~ArgParserException() throw() {}
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    ///A short description of the exception
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    virtual const char* what() const throw() {
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      switch(_reason)
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        {
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        case HELP:
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          return "lemon::ArgParseException: ask for help";
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          break;
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        case UNKNOWN_OPT:
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          return "lemon::ArgParseException: unknown option";
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          break;
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        case INVALID_OPT:
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          return "lemon::ArgParseException: invalid combination of options";
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          break;
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        }
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      return "";
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    }
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    ///Return the reason for the failure
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    Reason reason() const {return _reason; }
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  };
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  ///Command line arguments parser
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  ///\ingroup misc
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  ///Command line arguments parser.
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  ///
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  ///For a complete example see the \ref arg_parser_demo.cc demo file.
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  class ArgParser {
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    static void _showHelp(void *p);
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  protected:
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    int _argc;
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    const char * const *_argv;
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    enum OptType { UNKNOWN=0, BOOL=1, STRING=2, DOUBLE=3, INTEGER=4, FUNC=5 };
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    class ParData {
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    public:
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      union {
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        bool *bool_p;
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        int *int_p;
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        double *double_p;
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        std::string *string_p;
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        struct {
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          void (*p)(void *);
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          void *data;
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        } func_p;
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      };
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      std::string help;
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      bool mandatory;
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      OptType type;
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      bool set;
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      bool ingroup;
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      bool has_syn;
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      bool syn;
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      bool self_delete;
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      ParData() : mandatory(false), type(UNKNOWN), set(false), ingroup(false),
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                  has_syn(false), syn(false), self_delete(false) {}
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    };
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    typedef std::map<std::string,ParData> Opts;
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    Opts _opts;
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    class GroupData
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    {
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    public:
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      typedef std::list<std::string> Opts;
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      Opts opts;
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      bool only_one;
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      bool mandatory;
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      GroupData() :only_one(false), mandatory(false) {}
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    };
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    typedef std::map<std::string,GroupData> Groups;
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    Groups _groups;
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    struct OtherArg
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    {
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      std::string name;
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      std::string help;
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      OtherArg(std::string n, std::string h) :name(n), help(h) {}
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    };
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    std::vector<OtherArg> _others_help;
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    std::vector<std::string> _file_args;
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    std::string _command_name;
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  private:
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    //Bind a function to an option.
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    //\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
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    //\param help A help string.
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    //\retval func The function to be called when the option is given. It
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    //  must be of type "void f(void *)"
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    //\param data Data to be passed to \c func
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    ArgParser &funcOption(const std::string &name,
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                    const std::string &help,
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                    void (*func)(void *),void *data);
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    bool _exit_on_problems;
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    void _terminate(ArgParserException::Reason reason) const;
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  public:
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    ///Constructor
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    ArgParser(int argc, const char * const *argv);
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    ~ArgParser();
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    ///\name Options
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    ///
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    ///@{
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    ///Add a new integer type option
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    ///Add a new integer type option.
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    ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
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    ///\param help A help string.
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    ///\param value A default value for the option.
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    ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
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    ArgParser &intOption(const std::string &name,
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                    const std::string &help,
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                    int value=0, bool obl=false);
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    ///Add a new floating point type option
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    ///Add a new floating point type option.
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    ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
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    ///\param help A help string.
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    ///\param value A default value for the option.
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    ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
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    ArgParser &doubleOption(const std::string &name,
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                      const std::string &help,
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                      double value=0, bool obl=false);
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    ///Add a new bool type option
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    ///Add a new bool type option.
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    ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
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    ///\param help A help string.
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    ///\param value A default value for the option.
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    ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
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    ///\note A mandatory bool obtion is of very little use.
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    ArgParser &boolOption(const std::string &name,
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                      const std::string &help,
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                      bool value=false, bool obl=false);
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    ///Add a new string type option
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    ///Add a new string type option.
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    ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
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    ///\param help A help string.
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    ///\param value A default value for the option.
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    ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
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    ArgParser &stringOption(const std::string &name,
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                      const std::string &help,
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                      std::string value="", bool obl=false);
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    ///Give help string for non-parsed arguments.
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    ///With this function you can give help string for non-parsed arguments.
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    ///The parameter \c name will be printed in the short usage line, while
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    ///\c help gives a more detailed description.
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    ArgParser &other(const std::string &name,
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                     const std::string &help="");
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    ///@}
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    ///\name Options with External Storage
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    ///Using this functions, the value of the option will be directly written
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    ///into a variable once the option appears in the command line.
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    ///@{
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    ///Add a new integer type option with a storage reference
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    ///Add a new integer type option with a storage reference.
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    ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
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    ///\param help A help string.
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    ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
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    ///\retval ref The value of the argument will be written to this variable.
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    ArgParser &refOption(const std::string &name,
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                    const std::string &help,
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                    int &ref, bool obl=false);
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    ///Add a new floating type option with a storage reference
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    ///Add a new floating type option with a storage reference.
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    ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
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    ///\param help A help string.
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    ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
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    ///\retval ref The value of the argument will be written to this variable.
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    ArgParser &refOption(const std::string &name,
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                      const std::string &help,
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                      double &ref, bool obl=false);
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    ///Add a new bool type option with a storage reference
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    ///Add a new bool type option with a storage reference.
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    ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
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    ///\param help A help string.
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    ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
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    ///\retval ref The value of the argument will be written to this variable.
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    ///\note A mandatory bool obtion is of very little use.
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    ArgParser &refOption(const std::string &name,
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                      const std::string &help,
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                      bool &ref, bool obl=false);
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    ///Add a new string type option with a storage reference
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    ///Add a new string type option with a storage reference.
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    ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
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    ///\param help A help string.
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    ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
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    ///\retval ref The value of the argument will be written to this variable.
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    ArgParser &refOption(const std::string &name,
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                      const std::string &help,
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                      std::string &ref, bool obl=false);
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    ///@}
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    ///\name Option Groups and Synonyms
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    ///
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    ///@{
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    ///Bundle some options into a group
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    /// You can group some option by calling this function repeatedly for each
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    /// option to be grouped with the same groupname.
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    ///\param group The group name.
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    ///\param opt The option name.
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    ArgParser &optionGroup(const std::string &group,
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                           const std::string &opt);
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    ///Make the members of a group exclusive
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    ///If you call this function for a group, than at most one of them can be
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    ///given at the same time.
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    ArgParser &onlyOneGroup(const std::string &group);
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    ///Make a group mandatory
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    ///Using this function, at least one of the members of \c group
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    ///must be given.
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    ArgParser &mandatoryGroup(const std::string &group);
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    ///Create synonym to an option
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    ///With this function you can create a synonym \c syn of the
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    ///option \c opt.
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    ArgParser &synonym(const std::string &syn,
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                           const std::string &opt);
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    ///@}
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  private:
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    void show(std::ostream &os,Opts::const_iterator i) const;
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    void show(std::ostream &os,Groups::const_iterator i) const;
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    void showHelp(Opts::const_iterator i) const;
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    void showHelp(std::vector<OtherArg>::const_iterator i) const;
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    void unknownOpt(std::string arg) const;
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    void requiresValue(std::string arg, OptType t) const;
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    void checkMandatories() const;
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    void shortHelp() const;
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    void showHelp() const;
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  public:
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    ///Start the parsing process
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    ArgParser &parse();
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    /// Synonym for parse()
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    ArgParser &run()
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    {
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      return parse();
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    }
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    ///Give back the command name (the 0th argument)
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    const std::string &commandName() const { return _command_name; }
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    ///Check if an opion has been given to the command.
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    bool given(std::string op) const
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    {
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      Opts::const_iterator i = _opts.find(op);
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      return i!=_opts.end()?i->second.set:false;
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    }
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    ///Magic type for operator[]
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    ///This is the type of the return value of ArgParser::operator[]().
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    ///It automatically converts to \c int, \c double, \c bool or
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    ///\c std::string if the type of the option matches, which is checked
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    ///with an \ref LEMON_ASSERT "assertion" (i.e. it performs runtime
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    ///type checking).
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    class RefType
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    {
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      const ArgParser &_parser;
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      std::string _name;
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    public:
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      ///\e
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      RefType(const ArgParser &p,const std::string &n) :_parser(p),_name(n) {}
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      ///\e
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      operator bool()
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      {
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        Opts::const_iterator i = _parser._opts.find(_name);
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        LEMON_ASSERT(i!=_parser._opts.end(),
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                     std::string()+"Unkown option: '"+_name+"'");
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        LEMON_ASSERT(i->second.type==ArgParser::BOOL,
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                     std::string()+"'"+_name+"' is a bool option");
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        return *(i->second.bool_p);
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      }
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      ///\e
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      operator std::string()
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      {
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        Opts::const_iterator i = _parser._opts.find(_name);
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        LEMON_ASSERT(i!=_parser._opts.end(),
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                     std::string()+"Unkown option: '"+_name+"'");
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        LEMON_ASSERT(i->second.type==ArgParser::STRING,
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                     std::string()+"'"+_name+"' is a string option");
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        return *(i->second.string_p);
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      }
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      ///\e
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      operator double()
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      {
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        Opts::const_iterator i = _parser._opts.find(_name);
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        LEMON_ASSERT(i!=_parser._opts.end(),
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                     std::string()+"Unkown option: '"+_name+"'");
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        LEMON_ASSERT(i->second.type==ArgParser::DOUBLE ||
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                     i->second.type==ArgParser::INTEGER,
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                     std::string()+"'"+_name+"' is a floating point option");
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        return i->second.type==ArgParser::DOUBLE ?
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          *(i->second.double_p) : *(i->second.int_p);
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      }
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      ///\e
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      operator int()
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      {
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        Opts::const_iterator i = _parser._opts.find(_name);
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        LEMON_ASSERT(i!=_parser._opts.end(),
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                     std::string()+"Unkown option: '"+_name+"'");
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        LEMON_ASSERT(i->second.type==ArgParser::INTEGER,
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                     std::string()+"'"+_name+"' is an integer option");
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        return *(i->second.int_p);
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      }
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    };
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    ///Give back the value of an option
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    ///Give back the value of an option.
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    ///\sa RefType
alpar@214
   414
    RefType operator[](const std::string &n) const
alpar@85
   415
    {
alpar@85
   416
      return RefType(*this, n);
alpar@209
   417
    }
kpeter@204
   418
kpeter@204
   419
    ///Give back the non-option type arguments.
kpeter@204
   420
kpeter@204
   421
    ///Give back a reference to a vector consisting of the program arguments
kpeter@204
   422
    ///not starting with a '-' character.
alpar@214
   423
    const std::vector<std::string> &files() const { return _file_args; }
alpar@209
   424
alpar@842
   425
    ///Throw instead of exit in case of problems
alpar@842
   426
    void throwOnProblems() 
alpar@842
   427
    {
alpar@842
   428
      _exit_on_problems=false;
alpar@842
   429
    }
alpar@85
   430
  };
alpar@85
   431
}
alpar@85
   432
alpar@261
   433
#endif // LEMON_ARG_PARSER_H