/* -*- mode: C++; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-

  *

  * This file is a part of LEMON, a generic C++ optimization library.

  *

  * Copyright (C) 2003-2013

  * Egervary Jeno Kombinatorikus Optimalizalasi Kutatocsoport

  * (Egervary Research Group on Combinatorial Optimization, EGRES).

  *

  * Permission to use, modify and distribute this software is granted

  * provided that this copyright notice appears in all copies. For

  * precise terms see the accompanying LICENSE file.

  *

  * This software is provided "AS IS" with no warranty of any kind,

  * express or implied, and with no claim as to its suitability for any

  * purpose.

  *

  */

 #ifndef LEMON_TIME_MEASURE_H

 #define LEMON_TIME_MEASURE_H

 ///\ingroup timecount

 ///\file

 ///\brief Tools for measuring cpu usage

 #include <lemon/config.h>

 #ifdef LEMON_WIN32

 #include <lemon/bits/windows.h>

 #else

 #include <unistd.h>

 #include <sys/times.h>

 #include <sys/time.h>

 #endif

 #include <string>

 #include <fstream>

 #include <iostream>

 #include <lemon/math.h>

 namespace lemon {

   /// \addtogroup timecount

   /// @{

   /// A class to store (cpu)time instances.

   /// This class stores five time values.

   /// - a real time

   /// - a user cpu time

   /// - a system cpu time

   /// - a user cpu time of children

   /// - a system cpu time of children

   ///

   /// TimeStamp's can be added to or substracted from each other and

   /// they can be pushed to a stream.

   ///

   /// In most cases, perhaps the \ref Timer or the \ref TimeReport

   /// class is what you want to use instead.

   class TimeStamp

   {

     double utime;

     double stime;

     double cutime;

     double cstime;

     double rtime;

   public:

     ///Display format specifier

     ///\e

     ///

     enum Format {

       /// Reports all measured values

       NORMAL = 0,

       /// Only real time and an error indicator is displayed

       SHORT = 1

     };

   private:

     static Format _format;

     void _reset() {

       utime = stime = cutime = cstime = rtime = 0;

     }

   public:

     ///Set output format

     ///Set output format.

     ///

     ///The output format is global for all timestamp instances.

     static void format(Format f) { _format = f; }

     ///Retrieve the current output format

     ///Retrieve the current output format

     ///

     ///The output format is global for all timestamp instances.

     static Format format() { return _format; }

     ///Read the current time values of the process

     void stamp()

     {

 #ifndef LEMON_WIN32

       timeval tv;

       gettimeofday(&tv, 0);

       rtime=tv.tv_sec+double(tv.tv_usec)/1e6;

       tms ts;

       double tck=sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);

       times(&ts);

       utime=ts.tms_utime/tck;

       stime=ts.tms_stime/tck;

       cutime=ts.tms_cutime/tck;

       cstime=ts.tms_cstime/tck;

 #else

       bits::getWinProcTimes(rtime, utime, stime, cutime, cstime);

 #endif

     }

     /// Constructor initializing with zero

     TimeStamp()

     { _reset(); }

     ///Constructor initializing with the current time values of the process

     TimeStamp(void *) { stamp();}

     ///Set every time value to zero

     TimeStamp &reset() {_reset();return *this;}

     ///\e

     TimeStamp &operator+=(const TimeStamp &b)

     {

       utime+=b.utime;

       stime+=b.stime;

       cutime+=b.cutime;

       cstime+=b.cstime;

       rtime+=b.rtime;

       return *this;

     }

     ///\e

     TimeStamp operator+(const TimeStamp &b) const

     {

       TimeStamp t(*this);

       return t+=b;

     }

     ///\e

     TimeStamp &operator-=(const TimeStamp &b)

     {

       utime-=b.utime;

       stime-=b.stime;

       cutime-=b.cutime;

       cstime-=b.cstime;

       rtime-=b.rtime;

       return *this;

     }

     ///\e

     TimeStamp operator-(const TimeStamp &b) const

     {

       TimeStamp t(*this);

       return t-=b;

     }

     ///\e

     TimeStamp &operator*=(double b)

     {

       utime*=b;

       stime*=b;

       cutime*=b;

       cstime*=b;

       rtime*=b;

       return *this;

     }

     ///\e

     TimeStamp operator*(double b) const

     {

       TimeStamp t(*this);

       return t*=b;

     }

     friend TimeStamp operator*(double b,const TimeStamp &t);

     ///\e

     TimeStamp &operator/=(double b)

     {

       utime/=b;

       stime/=b;

       cutime/=b;

       cstime/=b;

       rtime/=b;

       return *this;

     }

     ///\e

     TimeStamp operator/(double b) const

     {

       TimeStamp t(*this);

       return t/=b;

     }

     ///The time ellapsed since the last call of stamp()

     TimeStamp ellapsed() const

     {

       TimeStamp t(NULL);

       return t-*this;

     }

     friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os,const TimeStamp &t);

     ///Gives back the user time of the process

     double userTime() const

     {

       return utime;

     }

     ///Gives back the system time of the process

     double systemTime() const

     {

       return stime;

     }

     ///Gives back the user time of the process' children

     ///\note On <tt>WIN32</tt> platform this value is not calculated.

     ///

     double cUserTime() const

     {

       return cutime;

     }

     ///Gives back the user time of the process' children

     ///\note On <tt>WIN32</tt> platform this value is not calculated.

     ///

     double cSystemTime() const

     {

       return cstime;

     }

     ///Gives back the real time

     double realTime() const {return rtime;}

   };

   inline TimeStamp operator*(double b,const TimeStamp &t)

   {

     return t*b;

   }

   ///Prints the time counters

   ///Prints the time counters in the following form:

   ///

   /// <tt>u: XX.XXs s: XX.XXs cu: XX.XXs cs: XX.XXs real: XX.XXs</tt>

   ///

   /// where the values are the

   /// \li \c u: user cpu time,

   /// \li \c s: system cpu time,

   /// \li \c cu: user cpu time of children,

   /// \li \c cs: system cpu time of children,

   /// \li \c real: real time.

   /// \relates TimeStamp

   /// \note On <tt>WIN32</tt> platform the cummulative values are not

   /// calculated.

   inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os,const TimeStamp &t)

   {

     switch(t._format)

       {

       case TimeStamp::NORMAL:

         os << "u: " << t.userTime() <<

           "s, s: " << t.systemTime() <<

           "s, cu: " << t.cUserTime() <<

           "s, cs: " << t.cSystemTime() <<

           "s, real: " << t.realTime() << "s";

         break;

       case TimeStamp::SHORT:

         double total = t.userTime()+t.systemTime()+

           t.cUserTime()+t.cSystemTime();

         os << t.realTime()

            << "s (err: " << round((t.realTime()-total)/

                                   t.realTime()*10000)/100

            << "%)";

         break;

       }

     return os;

   }

   ///Class for measuring the cpu time and real time usage of the process

   ///Class for measuring the cpu time and real time usage of the process.

   ///It is quite easy-to-use, here is a short example.

   ///\code

   /// #include<lemon/time_measure.h>

   /// #include<iostream>

   ///

   /// int main()

   /// {

   ///

   ///   ...

   ///

   ///   Timer t;

   ///   doSomething();

   ///   std::cout << t << '\n';

   ///   t.restart();

   ///   doSomethingElse();

   ///   std::cout << t << '\n';

   ///

   ///   ...

   ///

   /// }

   ///\endcode

   ///

   ///The \ref Timer can also be \ref stop() "stopped" and

   ///\ref start() "started" again, so it is possible to compute collected

   ///running times.

   ///

   ///\warning Depending on the operation system and its actual configuration

   ///the time counters have a certain (10ms on a typical Linux system)

   ///granularity.

   ///Therefore this tool is not appropriate to measure very short times.

   ///Also, if you start and stop the timer very frequently, it could lead to

   ///distorted results.

   ///

   ///\note If you want to measure the running time of the execution of a certain

   ///function, consider the usage of \ref TimeReport instead.

   ///

   ///\sa TimeReport

   class Timer

   {

     int _running; //Timer is running iff _running>0; (_running>=0 always holds)

     TimeStamp start_time; //This is the relativ start-time if the timer

                           //is _running, the collected _running time otherwise.

     void _reset() {if(_running) start_time.stamp(); else start_time.reset();}

   public:

     ///Constructor.

     ///\param run indicates whether or not the timer starts immediately.

     ///

     Timer(bool run=true) :_running(run) {_reset();}

     ///\name Control the State of the Timer

     ///Basically a Timer can be either running or stopped,

     ///but it provides a bit finer control on the execution.

     ///The \ref lemon::Timer "Timer" also counts the number of

     ///\ref lemon::Timer::start() "start()" executions, and it stops

     ///only after the same amount (or more) \ref lemon::Timer::stop()

     ///"stop()"s. This can be useful e.g. to compute the running time

     ///of recursive functions.

     ///@{

     ///Reset and stop the time counters

     ///This function resets and stops the time counters

     ///\sa restart()

     void reset()

     {

       _running=0;

       _reset();

     }

     ///Start the time counters

     ///This function starts the time counters.

     ///

     ///If the timer is started more than ones, it will remain running

     ///until the same amount of \ref stop() is called.

     ///\sa stop()

     void start()

     {

       if(_running) _running++;

       else {

         _running=1;

         TimeStamp t;

         t.stamp();

         start_time=t-start_time;

       }

     }

     ///Stop the time counters

     ///This function stops the time counters. If start() was executed more than

     ///once, then the same number of stop() execution is necessary the really

     ///stop the timer.

     ///

     ///\sa halt()

     ///\sa start()

     ///\sa restart()

     ///\sa reset()

     void stop()

     {

       if(_running && !--_running) {

         TimeStamp t;

         t.stamp();

         start_time=t-start_time;

       }

     }

     ///Halt (i.e stop immediately) the time counters

     ///This function stops immediately the time counters, i.e. <tt>t.halt()</tt>

     ///is a faster

     ///equivalent of the following.

     ///\code

     ///  while(t.running()) t.stop()

     ///\endcode

     ///

     ///

     ///\sa stop()

     ///\sa restart()

     ///\sa reset()

     void halt()

     {

       if(_running) {

         _running=0;

         TimeStamp t;

         t.stamp();

         start_time=t-start_time;

       }

     }

     ///Returns the running state of the timer

     ///This function returns the number of stop() exections that is

     ///necessary to really stop the timer.

     ///For example, the timer

     ///is running if and only if the return value is \c true

     ///(i.e. greater than

     ///zero).

     int running()  { return _running; }

     ///Restart the time counters

     ///This function is a shorthand for

     ///a reset() and a start() calls.

     ///

     void restart()

     {

       reset();

       start();

     }

     ///@}

     ///\name Query Functions for the Ellapsed Time

     ///@{

     ///Gives back the ellapsed user time of the process

     double userTime() const

     {

       return operator TimeStamp().userTime();

     }

     ///Gives back the ellapsed system time of the process

     double systemTime() const

     {

       return operator TimeStamp().systemTime();

     }

     ///Gives back the ellapsed user time of the process' children

     ///\note On <tt>WIN32</tt> platform this value is not calculated.

     ///

     double cUserTime() const

     {

       return operator TimeStamp().cUserTime();

     }

     ///Gives back the ellapsed user time of the process' children

     ///\note On <tt>WIN32</tt> platform this value is not calculated.

     ///

     double cSystemTime() const

     {

       return operator TimeStamp().cSystemTime();

     }

     ///Gives back the ellapsed real time

     double realTime() const

     {

       return operator TimeStamp().realTime();

     }

     ///Computes the ellapsed time

     ///This conversion computes the ellapsed time, therefore you can print

     ///the ellapsed time like this.

     ///\code

     ///  Timer t;

     ///  doSomething();

     ///  std::cout << t << '\n';

     ///\endcode

     operator TimeStamp () const

     {

       TimeStamp t;

       t.stamp();

       return _running?t-start_time:start_time;

     }

     ///@}

   };

   ///Same as Timer but prints a report on destruction.

   ///Same as \ref Timer but prints a report on destruction.

   ///This example shows its usage.

   ///\code

   ///  void myAlg(ListGraph &g,int n)

   ///  {

   ///    TimeReport tr("Running time of myAlg: ");

   ///    ... //Here comes the algorithm

   ///  }

   ///\endcode

   ///

   ///\sa Timer

   ///\sa NoTimeReport

   class TimeReport : public Timer

   {

     std::string _title;

     std::ostream &_os;

     bool _active;

   public:

     ///Constructor

     ///Constructor.

     ///\param title This text will be printed before the ellapsed time.

     ///\param os The stream to print the report to.

     ///\param run Sets whether the timer should start immediately.

     ///\param active Sets whether the report should actually be printed

     ///       on destruction.

     TimeReport(std::string title,std::ostream &os=std::cerr,bool run=true,

                bool active=true)

       : Timer(run), _title(title), _os(os), _active(active) {}

     ///Destructor that prints the ellapsed time

     ~TimeReport()

     {

       if(_active) _os << _title << *this << std::endl;

     }

     ///Retrieve the activity status

     ///\e

     ///

     bool active() const { return _active; }

     ///Set the activity status

     /// This function set whether the time report should actually be printed

     /// on destruction.

     void active(bool a) { _active=a; }

   };

   ///'Do nothing' version of TimeReport

   ///\sa TimeReport

   ///

   class NoTimeReport

   {

   public:

     ///\e

     NoTimeReport(std::string,std::ostream &,bool) {}

     ///\e

     NoTimeReport(std::string,std::ostream &) {}

     ///\e

     NoTimeReport(std::string) {}

     ///\e Do nothing.

     ~NoTimeReport() {}

     operator TimeStamp () const { return TimeStamp(); }

     void reset() {}

     void start() {}

     void stop() {}

     void halt() {}

     int running() { return 0; }

     void restart() {}

     double userTime() const { return 0; }

     double systemTime() const { return 0; }

     double cUserTime() const { return 0; }

     double cSystemTime() const { return 0; }

     double realTime() const { return 0; }

   };

   ///Tool to measure the running time more exactly.

   ///This function calls \c f several times and returns the average

   ///running time. The number of the executions will be choosen in such a way

   ///that the full real running time will be roughly between \c min_time

   ///and <tt>2*min_time</tt>.

   ///\param f the function object to be measured.

   ///\param min_time the minimum total running time.

   ///\retval num if it is not \c NULL, then the actual

   ///        number of execution of \c f will be written into <tt>*num</tt>.

   ///\retval full_time if it is not \c NULL, then the actual

   ///        total running time will be written into <tt>*full_time</tt>.

   ///\return The average running time of \c f.

   template<class F>

   TimeStamp runningTimeTest(F f,double min_time=10,unsigned int *num = NULL,

                             TimeStamp *full_time=NULL)

   {

     TimeStamp full;

     unsigned int total=0;

     Timer t;

     for(unsigned int tn=1;tn <= 1U<<31 && full.realTime()<=min_time; tn*=2) {

       for(;total<tn;total++) f();

       full=t;

     }

     if(num) *num=total;

     if(full_time) *full_time=full;

     return full/total;

   }

   /// @}

 } //namespace lemon

 #endif //LEMON_TIME_MEASURE_H