COIN-OR::LEMON - Graph Library

source: lemon/lemon/dijkstra.h @ 424:69f33ef03334

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1/* -*- mode: C++; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
2 *
3 * This file is a part of LEMON, a generic C++ optimization library.
4 *
5 * Copyright (C) 2003-2008
6 * Egervary Jeno Kombinatorikus Optimalizalasi Kutatocsoport
7 * (Egervary Research Group on Combinatorial Optimization, EGRES).
8 *
9 * Permission to use, modify and distribute this software is granted
10 * provided that this copyright notice appears in all copies. For
11 * precise terms see the accompanying LICENSE file.
12 *
13 * This software is provided "AS IS" with no warranty of any kind,
14 * express or implied, and with no claim as to its suitability for any
15 * purpose.
16 *
17 */
18
19#ifndef LEMON_DIJKSTRA_H
20#define LEMON_DIJKSTRA_H
21
22///\ingroup shortest_path
23///\file
24///\brief Dijkstra algorithm.
25
26#include <limits>
27#include <lemon/list_graph.h>
28#include <lemon/bin_heap.h>
29#include <lemon/bits/path_dump.h>
30#include <lemon/core.h>
31#include <lemon/error.h>
32#include <lemon/maps.h>
33#include <lemon/path.h>
34
35namespace lemon {
36
37  /// \brief Default operation traits for the Dijkstra algorithm class.
38  ///
39  /// This operation traits class defines all computational operations and
40  /// constants which are used in the Dijkstra algorithm.
41  template <typename Value>
42  struct DijkstraDefaultOperationTraits {
43    /// \brief Gives back the zero value of the type.
44    static Value zero() {
45      return static_cast<Value>(0);
46    }
47    /// \brief Gives back the sum of the given two elements.
48    static Value plus(const Value& left, const Value& right) {
49      return left + right;
50    }
51    /// \brief Gives back true only if the first value is less than the second.
52    static bool less(const Value& left, const Value& right) {
53      return left < right;
54    }
55  };
56
57  ///Default traits class of Dijkstra class.
58
59  ///Default traits class of Dijkstra class.
60  ///\tparam GR The type of the digraph.
61  ///\tparam LM The type of the length map.
62  template<class GR, class LM>
63  struct DijkstraDefaultTraits
64  {
65    ///The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.
66    typedef GR Digraph;
67
68    ///The type of the map that stores the arc lengths.
69
70    ///The type of the map that stores the arc lengths.
71    ///It must meet the \ref concepts::ReadMap "ReadMap" concept.
72    typedef LM LengthMap;
73    ///The type of the length of the arcs.
74    typedef typename LM::Value Value;
75
76    /// Operation traits for Dijkstra algorithm.
77
78    /// This class defines the operations that are used in the algorithm.
79    /// \see DijkstraDefaultOperationTraits
80    typedef DijkstraDefaultOperationTraits<Value> OperationTraits;
81
82    /// The cross reference type used by the heap.
83
84    /// The cross reference type used by the heap.
85    /// Usually it is \c Digraph::NodeMap<int>.
86    typedef typename Digraph::template NodeMap<int> HeapCrossRef;
87    ///Instantiates a \ref HeapCrossRef.
88
89    ///This function instantiates a \ref HeapCrossRef.
90    /// \param g is the digraph, to which we would like to define the
91    /// \ref HeapCrossRef.
92    static HeapCrossRef *createHeapCrossRef(const Digraph &g)
93    {
94      return new HeapCrossRef(g);
95    }
96
97    ///The heap type used by the Dijkstra algorithm.
98
99    ///The heap type used by the Dijkstra algorithm.
100    ///
101    ///\sa BinHeap
102    ///\sa Dijkstra
103    typedef BinHeap<typename LM::Value, HeapCrossRef, std::less<Value> > Heap;
104    ///Instantiates a \ref Heap.
105
106    ///This function instantiates a \ref Heap.
107    static Heap *createHeap(HeapCrossRef& r)
108    {
109      return new Heap(r);
110    }
111
112    ///\brief The type of the map that stores the predecessor
113    ///arcs of the shortest paths.
114    ///
115    ///The type of the map that stores the predecessor
116    ///arcs of the shortest paths.
117    ///It must meet the \ref concepts::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept.
118    typedef typename Digraph::template NodeMap<typename Digraph::Arc> PredMap;
119    ///Instantiates a PredMap.
120
121    ///This function instantiates a PredMap.
122    ///\param g is the digraph, to which we would like to define the
123    ///PredMap.
124    static PredMap *createPredMap(const Digraph &g)
125    {
126      return new PredMap(g);
127    }
128
129    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are processed.
130
131    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are processed.
132    ///It must meet the \ref concepts::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept.
133    ///By default it is a NullMap.
134    typedef NullMap<typename Digraph::Node,bool> ProcessedMap;
135    ///Instantiates a ProcessedMap.
136
137    ///This function instantiates a ProcessedMap.
138    ///\param g is the digraph, to which
139    ///we would like to define the ProcessedMap
140#ifdef DOXYGEN
141    static ProcessedMap *createProcessedMap(const Digraph &g)
142#else
143    static ProcessedMap *createProcessedMap(const Digraph &)
144#endif
145    {
146      return new ProcessedMap();
147    }
148
149    ///The type of the map that stores the distances of the nodes.
150
151    ///The type of the map that stores the distances of the nodes.
152    ///It must meet the \ref concepts::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept.
153    typedef typename Digraph::template NodeMap<typename LM::Value> DistMap;
154    ///Instantiates a DistMap.
155
156    ///This function instantiates a DistMap.
157    ///\param g is the digraph, to which we would like to define
158    ///the DistMap
159    static DistMap *createDistMap(const Digraph &g)
160    {
161      return new DistMap(g);
162    }
163  };
164
165  ///%Dijkstra algorithm class.
166
167  /// \ingroup shortest_path
168  ///This class provides an efficient implementation of the %Dijkstra algorithm.
169  ///
170  ///The arc lengths are passed to the algorithm using a
171  ///\ref concepts::ReadMap "ReadMap",
172  ///so it is easy to change it to any kind of length.
173  ///The type of the length is determined by the
174  ///\ref concepts::ReadMap::Value "Value" of the length map.
175  ///It is also possible to change the underlying priority heap.
176  ///
177  ///There is also a \ref dijkstra() "function-type interface" for the
178  ///%Dijkstra algorithm, which is convenient in the simplier cases and
179  ///it can be used easier.
180  ///
181  ///\tparam GR The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.
182  ///The default type is \ref ListDigraph.
183  ///\tparam LM A \ref concepts::ReadMap "readable" arc map that specifies
184  ///the lengths of the arcs.
185  ///It is read once for each arc, so the map may involve in
186  ///relatively time consuming process to compute the arc lengths if
187  ///it is necessary. The default map type is \ref
188  ///concepts::Digraph::ArcMap "GR::ArcMap<int>".
189#ifdef DOXYGEN
190  template <typename GR, typename LM, typename TR>
191#else
192  template <typename GR=ListDigraph,
193            typename LM=typename GR::template ArcMap<int>,
194            typename TR=DijkstraDefaultTraits<GR,LM> >
195#endif
196  class Dijkstra {
197  public:
198
199    ///The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.
200    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;
201
202    ///The type of the length of the arcs.
203    typedef typename TR::LengthMap::Value Value;
204    ///The type of the map that stores the arc lengths.
205    typedef typename TR::LengthMap LengthMap;
206    ///\brief The type of the map that stores the predecessor arcs of the
207    ///shortest paths.
208    typedef typename TR::PredMap PredMap;
209    ///The type of the map that stores the distances of the nodes.
210    typedef typename TR::DistMap DistMap;
211    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are processed.
212    typedef typename TR::ProcessedMap ProcessedMap;
213    ///The type of the paths.
214    typedef PredMapPath<Digraph, PredMap> Path;
215    ///The cross reference type used for the current heap.
216    typedef typename TR::HeapCrossRef HeapCrossRef;
217    ///The heap type used by the algorithm.
218    typedef typename TR::Heap Heap;
219    ///The operation traits class.
220    typedef typename TR::OperationTraits OperationTraits;
221
222    ///The \ref DijkstraDefaultTraits "traits class" of the algorithm.
223    typedef TR Traits;
224
225  private:
226
227    typedef typename Digraph::Node Node;
228    typedef typename Digraph::NodeIt NodeIt;
229    typedef typename Digraph::Arc Arc;
230    typedef typename Digraph::OutArcIt OutArcIt;
231
232    //Pointer to the underlying digraph.
233    const Digraph *G;
234    //Pointer to the length map.
235    const LengthMap *length;
236    //Pointer to the map of predecessors arcs.
237    PredMap *_pred;
238    //Indicates if _pred is locally allocated (true) or not.
239    bool local_pred;
240    //Pointer to the map of distances.
241    DistMap *_dist;
242    //Indicates if _dist is locally allocated (true) or not.
243    bool local_dist;
244    //Pointer to the map of processed status of the nodes.
245    ProcessedMap *_processed;
246    //Indicates if _processed is locally allocated (true) or not.
247    bool local_processed;
248    //Pointer to the heap cross references.
249    HeapCrossRef *_heap_cross_ref;
250    //Indicates if _heap_cross_ref is locally allocated (true) or not.
251    bool local_heap_cross_ref;
252    //Pointer to the heap.
253    Heap *_heap;
254    //Indicates if _heap is locally allocated (true) or not.
255    bool local_heap;
256
257    //Creates the maps if necessary.
258    void create_maps()
259    {
260      if(!_pred) {
261        local_pred = true;
262        _pred = Traits::createPredMap(*G);
263      }
264      if(!_dist) {
265        local_dist = true;
266        _dist = Traits::createDistMap(*G);
267      }
268      if(!_processed) {
269        local_processed = true;
270        _processed = Traits::createProcessedMap(*G);
271      }
272      if (!_heap_cross_ref) {
273        local_heap_cross_ref = true;
274        _heap_cross_ref = Traits::createHeapCrossRef(*G);
275      }
276      if (!_heap) {
277        local_heap = true;
278        _heap = Traits::createHeap(*_heap_cross_ref);
279      }
280    }
281
282  public:
283
284    typedef Dijkstra Create;
285
286    ///\name Named template parameters
287
288    ///@{
289
290    template <class T>
291    struct SetPredMapTraits : public Traits {
292      typedef T PredMap;
293      static PredMap *createPredMap(const Digraph &)
294      {
295        LEMON_ASSERT(false, "PredMap is not initialized");
296        return 0; // ignore warnings
297      }
298    };
299    ///\brief \ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting
300    ///PredMap type.
301    ///
302    ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting
303    ///PredMap type.
304    ///It must meet the \ref concepts::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept.
305    template <class T>
306    struct SetPredMap
307      : public Dijkstra< Digraph, LengthMap, SetPredMapTraits<T> > {
308      typedef Dijkstra< Digraph, LengthMap, SetPredMapTraits<T> > Create;
309    };
310
311    template <class T>
312    struct SetDistMapTraits : public Traits {
313      typedef T DistMap;
314      static DistMap *createDistMap(const Digraph &)
315      {
316        LEMON_ASSERT(false, "DistMap is not initialized");
317        return 0; // ignore warnings
318      }
319    };
320    ///\brief \ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting
321    ///DistMap type.
322    ///
323    ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting
324    ///DistMap type.
325    ///It must meet the \ref concepts::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept.
326    template <class T>
327    struct SetDistMap
328      : public Dijkstra< Digraph, LengthMap, SetDistMapTraits<T> > {
329      typedef Dijkstra< Digraph, LengthMap, SetDistMapTraits<T> > Create;
330    };
331
332    template <class T>
333    struct SetProcessedMapTraits : public Traits {
334      typedef T ProcessedMap;
335      static ProcessedMap *createProcessedMap(const Digraph &)
336      {
337        LEMON_ASSERT(false, "ProcessedMap is not initialized");
338        return 0; // ignore warnings
339      }
340    };
341    ///\brief \ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting
342    ///ProcessedMap type.
343    ///
344    ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting
345    ///ProcessedMap type.
346    ///It must meet the \ref concepts::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept.
347    template <class T>
348    struct SetProcessedMap
349      : public Dijkstra< Digraph, LengthMap, SetProcessedMapTraits<T> > {
350      typedef Dijkstra< Digraph, LengthMap, SetProcessedMapTraits<T> > Create;
351    };
352
353    struct SetStandardProcessedMapTraits : public Traits {
354      typedef typename Digraph::template NodeMap<bool> ProcessedMap;
355      static ProcessedMap *createProcessedMap(const Digraph &g)
356      {
357        return new ProcessedMap(g);
358      }
359    };
360    ///\brief \ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting
361    ///ProcessedMap type to be <tt>Digraph::NodeMap<bool></tt>.
362    ///
363    ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting
364    ///ProcessedMap type to be <tt>Digraph::NodeMap<bool></tt>.
365    ///If you don't set it explicitly, it will be automatically allocated.
366    struct SetStandardProcessedMap
367      : public Dijkstra< Digraph, LengthMap, SetStandardProcessedMapTraits > {
368      typedef Dijkstra< Digraph, LengthMap, SetStandardProcessedMapTraits >
369      Create;
370    };
371
372    template <class H, class CR>
373    struct SetHeapTraits : public Traits {
374      typedef CR HeapCrossRef;
375      typedef H Heap;
376      static HeapCrossRef *createHeapCrossRef(const Digraph &) {
377        LEMON_ASSERT(false, "HeapCrossRef is not initialized");
378        return 0; // ignore warnings
379      }
380      static Heap *createHeap(HeapCrossRef &)
381      {
382        LEMON_ASSERT(false, "Heap is not initialized");
383        return 0; // ignore warnings
384      }
385    };
386    ///\brief \ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting
387    ///heap and cross reference types
388    ///
389    ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting heap and cross
390    ///reference types. If this named parameter is used, then external
391    ///heap and cross reference objects must be passed to the algorithm
392    ///using the \ref heap() function before calling \ref run(Node) "run()"
393    ///or \ref init().
394    ///\sa SetStandardHeap
395    template <class H, class CR = typename Digraph::template NodeMap<int> >
396    struct SetHeap
397      : public Dijkstra< Digraph, LengthMap, SetHeapTraits<H, CR> > {
398      typedef Dijkstra< Digraph, LengthMap, SetHeapTraits<H, CR> > Create;
399    };
400
401    template <class H, class CR>
402    struct SetStandardHeapTraits : public Traits {
403      typedef CR HeapCrossRef;
404      typedef H Heap;
405      static HeapCrossRef *createHeapCrossRef(const Digraph &G) {
406        return new HeapCrossRef(G);
407      }
408      static Heap *createHeap(HeapCrossRef &R)
409      {
410        return new Heap(R);
411      }
412    };
413    ///\brief \ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting
414    ///heap and cross reference types with automatic allocation
415    ///
416    ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting heap and cross
417    ///reference types with automatic allocation.
418    ///They should have standard constructor interfaces to be able to
419    ///automatically created by the algorithm (i.e. the digraph should be
420    ///passed to the constructor of the cross reference and the cross
421    ///reference should be passed to the constructor of the heap).
422    ///However external heap and cross reference objects could also be
423    ///passed to the algorithm using the \ref heap() function before
424    ///calling \ref run(Node) "run()" or \ref init().
425    ///\sa SetHeap
426    template <class H, class CR = typename Digraph::template NodeMap<int> >
427    struct SetStandardHeap
428      : public Dijkstra< Digraph, LengthMap, SetStandardHeapTraits<H, CR> > {
429      typedef Dijkstra< Digraph, LengthMap, SetStandardHeapTraits<H, CR> >
430      Create;
431    };
432
433    template <class T>
434    struct SetOperationTraitsTraits : public Traits {
435      typedef T OperationTraits;
436    };
437
438    /// \brief \ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting
439    ///\c OperationTraits type
440    ///
441    ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting
442    ///\ref OperationTraits type.
443    template <class T>
444    struct SetOperationTraits
445      : public Dijkstra<Digraph, LengthMap, SetOperationTraitsTraits<T> > {
446      typedef Dijkstra<Digraph, LengthMap, SetOperationTraitsTraits<T> >
447      Create;
448    };
449
450    ///@}
451
452  protected:
453
454    Dijkstra() {}
455
456  public:
457
458    ///Constructor.
459
460    ///Constructor.
461    ///\param _g The digraph the algorithm runs on.
462    ///\param _length The length map used by the algorithm.
463    Dijkstra(const Digraph& _g, const LengthMap& _length) :
464      G(&_g), length(&_length),
465      _pred(NULL), local_pred(false),
466      _dist(NULL), local_dist(false),
467      _processed(NULL), local_processed(false),
468      _heap_cross_ref(NULL), local_heap_cross_ref(false),
469      _heap(NULL), local_heap(false)
470    { }
471
472    ///Destructor.
473    ~Dijkstra()
474    {
475      if(local_pred) delete _pred;
476      if(local_dist) delete _dist;
477      if(local_processed) delete _processed;
478      if(local_heap_cross_ref) delete _heap_cross_ref;
479      if(local_heap) delete _heap;
480    }
481
482    ///Sets the length map.
483
484    ///Sets the length map.
485    ///\return <tt> (*this) </tt>
486    Dijkstra &lengthMap(const LengthMap &m)
487    {
488      length = &m;
489      return *this;
490    }
491
492    ///Sets the map that stores the predecessor arcs.
493
494    ///Sets the map that stores the predecessor arcs.
495    ///If you don't use this function before calling \ref run(Node) "run()"
496    ///or \ref init(), an instance will be allocated automatically.
497    ///The destructor deallocates this automatically allocated map,
498    ///of course.
499    ///\return <tt> (*this) </tt>
500    Dijkstra &predMap(PredMap &m)
501    {
502      if(local_pred) {
503        delete _pred;
504        local_pred=false;
505      }
506      _pred = &m;
507      return *this;
508    }
509
510    ///Sets the map that indicates which nodes are processed.
511
512    ///Sets the map that indicates which nodes are processed.
513    ///If you don't use this function before calling \ref run(Node) "run()"
514    ///or \ref init(), an instance will be allocated automatically.
515    ///The destructor deallocates this automatically allocated map,
516    ///of course.
517    ///\return <tt> (*this) </tt>
518    Dijkstra &processedMap(ProcessedMap &m)
519    {
520      if(local_processed) {
521        delete _processed;
522        local_processed=false;
523      }
524      _processed = &m;
525      return *this;
526    }
527
528    ///Sets the map that stores the distances of the nodes.
529
530    ///Sets the map that stores the distances of the nodes calculated by the
531    ///algorithm.
532    ///If you don't use this function before calling \ref run(Node) "run()"
533    ///or \ref init(), an instance will be allocated automatically.
534    ///The destructor deallocates this automatically allocated map,
535    ///of course.
536    ///\return <tt> (*this) </tt>
537    Dijkstra &distMap(DistMap &m)
538    {
539      if(local_dist) {
540        delete _dist;
541        local_dist=false;
542      }
543      _dist = &m;
544      return *this;
545    }
546
547    ///Sets the heap and the cross reference used by algorithm.
548
549    ///Sets the heap and the cross reference used by algorithm.
550    ///If you don't use this function before calling \ref run(Node) "run()"
551    ///or \ref init(), heap and cross reference instances will be
552    ///allocated automatically.
553    ///The destructor deallocates these automatically allocated objects,
554    ///of course.
555    ///\return <tt> (*this) </tt>
556    Dijkstra &heap(Heap& hp, HeapCrossRef &cr)
557    {
558      if(local_heap_cross_ref) {
559        delete _heap_cross_ref;
560        local_heap_cross_ref=false;
561      }
562      _heap_cross_ref = &cr;
563      if(local_heap) {
564        delete _heap;
565        local_heap=false;
566      }
567      _heap = &hp;
568      return *this;
569    }
570
571  private:
572
573    void finalizeNodeData(Node v,Value dst)
574    {
575      _processed->set(v,true);
576      _dist->set(v, dst);
577    }
578
579  public:
580
581    ///\name Execution Control
582    ///The simplest way to execute the %Dijkstra algorithm is to use
583    ///one of the member functions called \ref run(Node) "run()".\n
584    ///If you need more control on the execution, first you have to call
585    ///\ref init(), then you can add several source nodes with
586    ///\ref addSource(). Finally the actual path computation can be
587    ///performed with one of the \ref start() functions.
588
589    ///@{
590
591    ///\brief Initializes the internal data structures.
592    ///
593    ///Initializes the internal data structures.
594    void init()
595    {
596      create_maps();
597      _heap->clear();
598      for ( NodeIt u(*G) ; u!=INVALID ; ++u ) {
599        _pred->set(u,INVALID);
600        _processed->set(u,false);
601        _heap_cross_ref->set(u,Heap::PRE_HEAP);
602      }
603    }
604
605    ///Adds a new source node.
606
607    ///Adds a new source node to the priority heap.
608    ///The optional second parameter is the initial distance of the node.
609    ///
610    ///The function checks if the node has already been added to the heap and
611    ///it is pushed to the heap only if either it was not in the heap
612    ///or the shortest path found till then is shorter than \c dst.
613    void addSource(Node s,Value dst=OperationTraits::zero())
614    {
615      if(_heap->state(s) != Heap::IN_HEAP) {
616        _heap->push(s,dst);
617      } else if(OperationTraits::less((*_heap)[s], dst)) {
618        _heap->set(s,dst);
619        _pred->set(s,INVALID);
620      }
621    }
622
623    ///Processes the next node in the priority heap
624
625    ///Processes the next node in the priority heap.
626    ///
627    ///\return The processed node.
628    ///
629    ///\warning The priority heap must not be empty.
630    Node processNextNode()
631    {
632      Node v=_heap->top();
633      Value oldvalue=_heap->prio();
634      _heap->pop();
635      finalizeNodeData(v,oldvalue);
636
637      for(OutArcIt e(*G,v); e!=INVALID; ++e) {
638        Node w=G->target(e);
639        switch(_heap->state(w)) {
640        case Heap::PRE_HEAP:
641          _heap->push(w,OperationTraits::plus(oldvalue, (*length)[e]));
642          _pred->set(w,e);
643          break;
644        case Heap::IN_HEAP:
645          {
646            Value newvalue = OperationTraits::plus(oldvalue, (*length)[e]);
647            if ( OperationTraits::less(newvalue, (*_heap)[w]) ) {
648              _heap->decrease(w, newvalue);
649              _pred->set(w,e);
650            }
651          }
652          break;
653        case Heap::POST_HEAP:
654          break;
655        }
656      }
657      return v;
658    }
659
660    ///The next node to be processed.
661
662    ///Returns the next node to be processed or \c INVALID if the
663    ///priority heap is empty.
664    Node nextNode() const
665    {
666      return !_heap->empty()?_heap->top():INVALID;
667    }
668
669    ///Returns \c false if there are nodes to be processed.
670
671    ///Returns \c false if there are nodes to be processed
672    ///in the priority heap.
673    bool emptyQueue() const { return _heap->empty(); }
674
675    ///Returns the number of the nodes to be processed.
676
677    ///Returns the number of the nodes to be processed
678    ///in the priority heap.
679    int queueSize() const { return _heap->size(); }
680
681    ///Executes the algorithm.
682
683    ///Executes the algorithm.
684    ///
685    ///This method runs the %Dijkstra algorithm from the root node(s)
686    ///in order to compute the shortest path to each node.
687    ///
688    ///The algorithm computes
689    ///- the shortest path tree (forest),
690    ///- the distance of each node from the root(s).
691    ///
692    ///\pre init() must be called and at least one root node should be
693    ///added with addSource() before using this function.
694    ///
695    ///\note <tt>d.start()</tt> is just a shortcut of the following code.
696    ///\code
697    ///  while ( !d.emptyQueue() ) {
698    ///    d.processNextNode();
699    ///  }
700    ///\endcode
701    void start()
702    {
703      while ( !emptyQueue() ) processNextNode();
704    }
705
706    ///Executes the algorithm until the given target node is processed.
707
708    ///Executes the algorithm until the given target node is processed.
709    ///
710    ///This method runs the %Dijkstra algorithm from the root node(s)
711    ///in order to compute the shortest path to \c t.
712    ///
713    ///The algorithm computes
714    ///- the shortest path to \c t,
715    ///- the distance of \c t from the root(s).
716    ///
717    ///\pre init() must be called and at least one root node should be
718    ///added with addSource() before using this function.
719    void start(Node t)
720    {
721      while ( !_heap->empty() && _heap->top()!=t ) processNextNode();
722      if ( !_heap->empty() ) {
723        finalizeNodeData(_heap->top(),_heap->prio());
724        _heap->pop();
725      }
726    }
727
728    ///Executes the algorithm until a condition is met.
729
730    ///Executes the algorithm until a condition is met.
731    ///
732    ///This method runs the %Dijkstra algorithm from the root node(s) in
733    ///order to compute the shortest path to a node \c v with
734    /// <tt>nm[v]</tt> true, if such a node can be found.
735    ///
736    ///\param nm A \c bool (or convertible) node map. The algorithm
737    ///will stop when it reaches a node \c v with <tt>nm[v]</tt> true.
738    ///
739    ///\return The reached node \c v with <tt>nm[v]</tt> true or
740    ///\c INVALID if no such node was found.
741    ///
742    ///\pre init() must be called and at least one root node should be
743    ///added with addSource() before using this function.
744    template<class NodeBoolMap>
745    Node start(const NodeBoolMap &nm)
746    {
747      while ( !_heap->empty() && !nm[_heap->top()] ) processNextNode();
748      if ( _heap->empty() ) return INVALID;
749      finalizeNodeData(_heap->top(),_heap->prio());
750      return _heap->top();
751    }
752
753    ///Runs the algorithm from the given source node.
754
755    ///This method runs the %Dijkstra algorithm from node \c s
756    ///in order to compute the shortest path to each node.
757    ///
758    ///The algorithm computes
759    ///- the shortest path tree,
760    ///- the distance of each node from the root.
761    ///
762    ///\note <tt>d.run(s)</tt> is just a shortcut of the following code.
763    ///\code
764    ///  d.init();
765    ///  d.addSource(s);
766    ///  d.start();
767    ///\endcode
768    void run(Node s) {
769      init();
770      addSource(s);
771      start();
772    }
773
774    ///Finds the shortest path between \c s and \c t.
775
776    ///This method runs the %Dijkstra algorithm from node \c s
777    ///in order to compute the shortest path to node \c t
778    ///(it stops searching when \c t is processed).
779    ///
780    ///\return \c true if \c t is reachable form \c s.
781    ///
782    ///\note Apart from the return value, <tt>d.run(s,t)</tt> is just a
783    ///shortcut of the following code.
784    ///\code
785    ///  d.init();
786    ///  d.addSource(s);
787    ///  d.start(t);
788    ///\endcode
789    bool run(Node s,Node t) {
790      init();
791      addSource(s);
792      start(t);
793      return (*_heap_cross_ref)[t] == Heap::POST_HEAP;
794    }
795
796    ///@}
797
798    ///\name Query Functions
799    ///The results of the %Dijkstra algorithm can be obtained using these
800    ///functions.\n
801    ///Either \ref run(Node) "run()" or \ref start() should be called
802    ///before using them.
803
804    ///@{
805
806    ///The shortest path to a node.
807
808    ///Returns the shortest path to a node.
809    ///
810    ///\warning \c t should be reached from the root(s).
811    ///
812    ///\pre Either \ref run(Node) "run()" or \ref init()
813    ///must be called before using this function.
814    Path path(Node t) const { return Path(*G, *_pred, t); }
815
816    ///The distance of a node from the root(s).
817
818    ///Returns the distance of a node from the root(s).
819    ///
820    ///\warning If node \c v is not reached from the root(s), then
821    ///the return value of this function is undefined.
822    ///
823    ///\pre Either \ref run(Node) "run()" or \ref init()
824    ///must be called before using this function.
825    Value dist(Node v) const { return (*_dist)[v]; }
826
827    ///Returns the 'previous arc' of the shortest path tree for a node.
828
829    ///This function returns the 'previous arc' of the shortest path
830    ///tree for the node \c v, i.e. it returns the last arc of a
831    ///shortest path from a root to \c v. It is \c INVALID if \c v
832    ///is not reached from the root(s) or if \c v is a root.
833    ///
834    ///The shortest path tree used here is equal to the shortest path
835    ///tree used in \ref predNode().
836    ///
837    ///\pre Either \ref run(Node) "run()" or \ref init()
838    ///must be called before using this function.
839    Arc predArc(Node v) const { return (*_pred)[v]; }
840
841    ///Returns the 'previous node' of the shortest path tree for a node.
842
843    ///This function returns the 'previous node' of the shortest path
844    ///tree for the node \c v, i.e. it returns the last but one node
845    ///from a shortest path from a root to \c v. It is \c INVALID
846    ///if \c v is not reached from the root(s) or if \c v is a root.
847    ///
848    ///The shortest path tree used here is equal to the shortest path
849    ///tree used in \ref predArc().
850    ///
851    ///\pre Either \ref run(Node) "run()" or \ref init()
852    ///must be called before using this function.
853    Node predNode(Node v) const { return (*_pred)[v]==INVALID ? INVALID:
854                                  G->source((*_pred)[v]); }
855
856    ///\brief Returns a const reference to the node map that stores the
857    ///distances of the nodes.
858    ///
859    ///Returns a const reference to the node map that stores the distances
860    ///of the nodes calculated by the algorithm.
861    ///
862    ///\pre Either \ref run(Node) "run()" or \ref init()
863    ///must be called before using this function.
864    const DistMap &distMap() const { return *_dist;}
865
866    ///\brief Returns a const reference to the node map that stores the
867    ///predecessor arcs.
868    ///
869    ///Returns a const reference to the node map that stores the predecessor
870    ///arcs, which form the shortest path tree.
871    ///
872    ///\pre Either \ref run(Node) "run()" or \ref init()
873    ///must be called before using this function.
874    const PredMap &predMap() const { return *_pred;}
875
876    ///Checks if a node is reached from the root(s).
877
878    ///Returns \c true if \c v is reached from the root(s).
879    ///
880    ///\pre Either \ref run(Node) "run()" or \ref init()
881    ///must be called before using this function.
882    bool reached(Node v) const { return (*_heap_cross_ref)[v] !=
883                                        Heap::PRE_HEAP; }
884
885    ///Checks if a node is processed.
886
887    ///Returns \c true if \c v is processed, i.e. the shortest
888    ///path to \c v has already found.
889    ///
890    ///\pre Either \ref run(Node) "run()" or \ref init()
891    ///must be called before using this function.
892    bool processed(Node v) const { return (*_heap_cross_ref)[v] ==
893                                          Heap::POST_HEAP; }
894
895    ///The current distance of a node from the root(s).
896
897    ///Returns the current distance of a node from the root(s).
898    ///It may be decreased in the following processes.
899    ///
900    ///\pre Either \ref run(Node) "run()" or \ref init()
901    ///must be called before using this function and
902    ///node \c v must be reached but not necessarily processed.
903    Value currentDist(Node v) const {
904      return processed(v) ? (*_dist)[v] : (*_heap)[v];
905    }
906
907    ///@}
908  };
909
910
911  ///Default traits class of dijkstra() function.
912
913  ///Default traits class of dijkstra() function.
914  ///\tparam GR The type of the digraph.
915  ///\tparam LM The type of the length map.
916  template<class GR, class LM>
917  struct DijkstraWizardDefaultTraits
918  {
919    ///The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.
920    typedef GR Digraph;
921    ///The type of the map that stores the arc lengths.
922
923    ///The type of the map that stores the arc lengths.
924    ///It must meet the \ref concepts::ReadMap "ReadMap" concept.
925    typedef LM LengthMap;
926    ///The type of the length of the arcs.
927    typedef typename LM::Value Value;
928
929    /// Operation traits for Dijkstra algorithm.
930
931    /// This class defines the operations that are used in the algorithm.
932    /// \see DijkstraDefaultOperationTraits
933    typedef DijkstraDefaultOperationTraits<Value> OperationTraits;
934
935    /// The cross reference type used by the heap.
936
937    /// The cross reference type used by the heap.
938    /// Usually it is \c Digraph::NodeMap<int>.
939    typedef typename Digraph::template NodeMap<int> HeapCrossRef;
940    ///Instantiates a \ref HeapCrossRef.
941
942    ///This function instantiates a \ref HeapCrossRef.
943    /// \param g is the digraph, to which we would like to define the
944    /// HeapCrossRef.
945    static HeapCrossRef *createHeapCrossRef(const Digraph &g)
946    {
947      return new HeapCrossRef(g);
948    }
949
950    ///The heap type used by the Dijkstra algorithm.
951
952    ///The heap type used by the Dijkstra algorithm.
953    ///
954    ///\sa BinHeap
955    ///\sa Dijkstra
956    typedef BinHeap<Value, typename Digraph::template NodeMap<int>,
957                    std::less<Value> > Heap;
958
959    ///Instantiates a \ref Heap.
960
961    ///This function instantiates a \ref Heap.
962    /// \param r is the HeapCrossRef which is used.
963    static Heap *createHeap(HeapCrossRef& r)
964    {
965      return new Heap(r);
966    }
967
968    ///\brief The type of the map that stores the predecessor
969    ///arcs of the shortest paths.
970    ///
971    ///The type of the map that stores the predecessor
972    ///arcs of the shortest paths.
973    ///It must meet the \ref concepts::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept.
974    typedef typename Digraph::template NodeMap<typename Digraph::Arc> PredMap;
975    ///Instantiates a PredMap.
976
977    ///This function instantiates a PredMap.
978    ///\param g is the digraph, to which we would like to define the
979    ///PredMap.
980    static PredMap *createPredMap(const Digraph &g)
981    {
982      return new PredMap(g);
983    }
984
985    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are processed.
986
987    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are processed.
988    ///It must meet the \ref concepts::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept.
989    ///By default it is a NullMap.
990    typedef NullMap<typename Digraph::Node,bool> ProcessedMap;
991    ///Instantiates a ProcessedMap.
992
993    ///This function instantiates a ProcessedMap.
994    ///\param g is the digraph, to which
995    ///we would like to define the ProcessedMap.
996#ifdef DOXYGEN
997    static ProcessedMap *createProcessedMap(const Digraph &g)
998#else
999    static ProcessedMap *createProcessedMap(const Digraph &)
1000#endif
1001    {
1002      return new ProcessedMap();
1003    }
1004
1005    ///The type of the map that stores the distances of the nodes.
1006
1007    ///The type of the map that stores the distances of the nodes.
1008    ///It must meet the \ref concepts::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept.
1009    typedef typename Digraph::template NodeMap<typename LM::Value> DistMap;
1010    ///Instantiates a DistMap.
1011
1012    ///This function instantiates a DistMap.
1013    ///\param g is the digraph, to which we would like to define
1014    ///the DistMap
1015    static DistMap *createDistMap(const Digraph &g)
1016    {
1017      return new DistMap(g);
1018    }
1019
1020    ///The type of the shortest paths.
1021
1022    ///The type of the shortest paths.
1023    ///It must meet the \ref concepts::Path "Path" concept.
1024    typedef lemon::Path<Digraph> Path;
1025  };
1026
1027  /// Default traits class used by DijkstraWizard
1028
1029  /// To make it easier to use Dijkstra algorithm
1030  /// we have created a wizard class.
1031  /// This \ref DijkstraWizard class needs default traits,
1032  /// as well as the \ref Dijkstra class.
1033  /// The \ref DijkstraWizardBase is a class to be the default traits of the
1034  /// \ref DijkstraWizard class.
1035  template<class GR,class LM>
1036  class DijkstraWizardBase : public DijkstraWizardDefaultTraits<GR,LM>
1037  {
1038    typedef DijkstraWizardDefaultTraits<GR,LM> Base;
1039  protected:
1040    //The type of the nodes in the digraph.
1041    typedef typename Base::Digraph::Node Node;
1042
1043    //Pointer to the digraph the algorithm runs on.
1044    void *_g;
1045    //Pointer to the length map.
1046    void *_length;
1047    //Pointer to the map of processed nodes.
1048    void *_processed;
1049    //Pointer to the map of predecessors arcs.
1050    void *_pred;
1051    //Pointer to the map of distances.
1052    void *_dist;
1053    //Pointer to the shortest path to the target node.
1054    void *_path;
1055    //Pointer to the distance of the target node.
1056    void *_di;
1057
1058  public:
1059    /// Constructor.
1060
1061    /// This constructor does not require parameters, therefore it initiates
1062    /// all of the attributes to \c 0.
1063    DijkstraWizardBase() : _g(0), _length(0), _processed(0), _pred(0),
1064                           _dist(0), _path(0), _di(0) {}
1065
1066    /// Constructor.
1067
1068    /// This constructor requires two parameters,
1069    /// others are initiated to \c 0.
1070    /// \param g The digraph the algorithm runs on.
1071    /// \param l The length map.
1072    DijkstraWizardBase(const GR &g,const LM &l) :
1073      _g(reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<GR*>(&g))),
1074      _length(reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<LM*>(&l))),
1075      _processed(0), _pred(0), _dist(0), _path(0), _di(0) {}
1076
1077  };
1078
1079  /// Auxiliary class for the function-type interface of Dijkstra algorithm.
1080
1081  /// This auxiliary class is created to implement the
1082  /// \ref dijkstra() "function-type interface" of \ref Dijkstra algorithm.
1083  /// It does not have own \ref run(Node) "run()" method, it uses the
1084  /// functions and features of the plain \ref Dijkstra.
1085  ///
1086  /// This class should only be used through the \ref dijkstra() function,
1087  /// which makes it easier to use the algorithm.
1088  template<class TR>
1089  class DijkstraWizard : public TR
1090  {
1091    typedef TR Base;
1092
1093    ///The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.
1094    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;
1095
1096    typedef typename Digraph::Node Node;
1097    typedef typename Digraph::NodeIt NodeIt;
1098    typedef typename Digraph::Arc Arc;
1099    typedef typename Digraph::OutArcIt OutArcIt;
1100
1101    ///The type of the map that stores the arc lengths.
1102    typedef typename TR::LengthMap LengthMap;
1103    ///The type of the length of the arcs.
1104    typedef typename LengthMap::Value Value;
1105    ///\brief The type of the map that stores the predecessor
1106    ///arcs of the shortest paths.
1107    typedef typename TR::PredMap PredMap;
1108    ///The type of the map that stores the distances of the nodes.
1109    typedef typename TR::DistMap DistMap;
1110    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are processed.
1111    typedef typename TR::ProcessedMap ProcessedMap;
1112    ///The type of the shortest paths
1113    typedef typename TR::Path Path;
1114    ///The heap type used by the dijkstra algorithm.
1115    typedef typename TR::Heap Heap;
1116
1117  public:
1118
1119    /// Constructor.
1120    DijkstraWizard() : TR() {}
1121
1122    /// Constructor that requires parameters.
1123
1124    /// Constructor that requires parameters.
1125    /// These parameters will be the default values for the traits class.
1126    /// \param g The digraph the algorithm runs on.
1127    /// \param l The length map.
1128    DijkstraWizard(const Digraph &g, const LengthMap &l) :
1129      TR(g,l) {}
1130
1131    ///Copy constructor
1132    DijkstraWizard(const TR &b) : TR(b) {}
1133
1134    ~DijkstraWizard() {}
1135
1136    ///Runs Dijkstra algorithm from the given source node.
1137
1138    ///This method runs %Dijkstra algorithm from the given source node
1139    ///in order to compute the shortest path to each node.
1140    void run(Node s)
1141    {
1142      Dijkstra<Digraph,LengthMap,TR>
1143        dijk(*reinterpret_cast<const Digraph*>(Base::_g),
1144             *reinterpret_cast<const LengthMap*>(Base::_length));
1145      if (Base::_pred)
1146        dijk.predMap(*reinterpret_cast<PredMap*>(Base::_pred));
1147      if (Base::_dist)
1148        dijk.distMap(*reinterpret_cast<DistMap*>(Base::_dist));
1149      if (Base::_processed)
1150        dijk.processedMap(*reinterpret_cast<ProcessedMap*>(Base::_processed));
1151      dijk.run(s);
1152    }
1153
1154    ///Finds the shortest path between \c s and \c t.
1155
1156    ///This method runs the %Dijkstra algorithm from node \c s
1157    ///in order to compute the shortest path to node \c t
1158    ///(it stops searching when \c t is processed).
1159    ///
1160    ///\return \c true if \c t is reachable form \c s.
1161    bool run(Node s, Node t)
1162    {
1163      Dijkstra<Digraph,LengthMap,TR>
1164        dijk(*reinterpret_cast<const Digraph*>(Base::_g),
1165             *reinterpret_cast<const LengthMap*>(Base::_length));
1166      if (Base::_pred)
1167        dijk.predMap(*reinterpret_cast<PredMap*>(Base::_pred));
1168      if (Base::_dist)
1169        dijk.distMap(*reinterpret_cast<DistMap*>(Base::_dist));
1170      if (Base::_processed)
1171        dijk.processedMap(*reinterpret_cast<ProcessedMap*>(Base::_processed));
1172      dijk.run(s,t);
1173      if (Base::_path)
1174        *reinterpret_cast<Path*>(Base::_path) = dijk.path(t);
1175      if (Base::_di)
1176        *reinterpret_cast<Value*>(Base::_di) = dijk.dist(t);
1177      return dijk.reached(t);
1178    }
1179
1180    template<class T>
1181    struct SetPredMapBase : public Base {
1182      typedef T PredMap;
1183      static PredMap *createPredMap(const Digraph &) { return 0; };
1184      SetPredMapBase(const TR &b) : TR(b) {}
1185    };
1186    ///\brief \ref named-func-param "Named parameter"
1187    ///for setting PredMap object.
1188    ///
1189    ///\ref named-func-param "Named parameter"
1190    ///for setting PredMap object.
1191    template<class T>
1192    DijkstraWizard<SetPredMapBase<T> > predMap(const T &t)
1193    {
1194      Base::_pred=reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<T*>(&t));
1195      return DijkstraWizard<SetPredMapBase<T> >(*this);
1196    }
1197
1198    template<class T>
1199    struct SetDistMapBase : public Base {
1200      typedef T DistMap;
1201      static DistMap *createDistMap(const Digraph &) { return 0; };
1202      SetDistMapBase(const TR &b) : TR(b) {}
1203    };
1204    ///\brief \ref named-func-param "Named parameter"
1205    ///for setting DistMap object.
1206    ///
1207    ///\ref named-func-param "Named parameter"
1208    ///for setting DistMap object.
1209    template<class T>
1210    DijkstraWizard<SetDistMapBase<T> > distMap(const T &t)
1211    {
1212      Base::_dist=reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<T*>(&t));
1213      return DijkstraWizard<SetDistMapBase<T> >(*this);
1214    }
1215
1216    template<class T>
1217    struct SetProcessedMapBase : public Base {
1218      typedef T ProcessedMap;
1219      static ProcessedMap *createProcessedMap(const Digraph &) { return 0; };
1220      SetProcessedMapBase(const TR &b) : TR(b) {}
1221    };
1222    ///\brief \ref named-func-param "Named parameter"
1223    ///for setting ProcessedMap object.
1224    ///
1225    /// \ref named-func-param "Named parameter"
1226    ///for setting ProcessedMap object.
1227    template<class T>
1228    DijkstraWizard<SetProcessedMapBase<T> > processedMap(const T &t)
1229    {
1230      Base::_processed=reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<T*>(&t));
1231      return DijkstraWizard<SetProcessedMapBase<T> >(*this);
1232    }
1233
1234    template<class T>
1235    struct SetPathBase : public Base {
1236      typedef T Path;
1237      SetPathBase(const TR &b) : TR(b) {}
1238    };
1239    ///\brief \ref named-func-param "Named parameter"
1240    ///for getting the shortest path to the target node.
1241    ///
1242    ///\ref named-func-param "Named parameter"
1243    ///for getting the shortest path to the target node.
1244    template<class T>
1245    DijkstraWizard<SetPathBase<T> > path(const T &t)
1246    {
1247      Base::_path=reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<T*>(&t));
1248      return DijkstraWizard<SetPathBase<T> >(*this);
1249    }
1250
1251    ///\brief \ref named-func-param "Named parameter"
1252    ///for getting the distance of the target node.
1253    ///
1254    ///\ref named-func-param "Named parameter"
1255    ///for getting the distance of the target node.
1256    DijkstraWizard dist(const Value &d)
1257    {
1258      Base::_di=reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<Value*>(&d));
1259      return *this;
1260    }
1261
1262  };
1263
1264  ///Function-type interface for Dijkstra algorithm.
1265
1266  /// \ingroup shortest_path
1267  ///Function-type interface for Dijkstra algorithm.
1268  ///
1269  ///This function also has several \ref named-func-param "named parameters",
1270  ///they are declared as the members of class \ref DijkstraWizard.
1271  ///The following examples show how to use these parameters.
1272  ///\code
1273  ///  // Compute shortest path from node s to each node
1274  ///  dijkstra(g,length).predMap(preds).distMap(dists).run(s);
1275  ///
1276  ///  // Compute shortest path from s to t
1277  ///  bool reached = dijkstra(g,length).path(p).dist(d).run(s,t);
1278  ///\endcode
1279  ///\warning Don't forget to put the \ref DijkstraWizard::run(Node) "run()"
1280  ///to the end of the parameter list.
1281  ///\sa DijkstraWizard
1282  ///\sa Dijkstra
1283  template<class GR, class LM>
1284  DijkstraWizard<DijkstraWizardBase<GR,LM> >
1285  dijkstra(const GR &digraph, const LM &length)
1286  {
1287    return DijkstraWizard<DijkstraWizardBase<GR,LM> >(digraph,length);
1288  }
1289
1290} //END OF NAMESPACE LEMON
1291
1292#endif
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