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1.4 -<appendix id="gfdl">
1.5 -<title>GNU Free Documentation License</title>
1.6 -<subtitle>Version 1.2, November 2002</subtitle>
1.7 -
1.8 -<blockquote id="fsf-copyright">
1.9 - <para>Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
1.10 -59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
1.11 -Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
1.12 -of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.</para>
1.13 -</blockquote>
1.14 -
1.15 -<section id="gfdl-0"><title>PREAMBLE</title>
1.16 -
1.17 -<para>The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or
1.18 -other functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
1.19 -assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with
1.20 -or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
1.21 -Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
1.22 -to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for
1.23 -modifications made by others.</para>
1.24 -
1.25 -<para>This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
1.26 -works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
1.27 -complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license
1.28 -designed for free software.</para>
1.29 -
1.30 -<para>We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for
1.31 -free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
1.32 -program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
1.33 -software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it
1.34 -can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
1.35 -whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
1.36 -principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.</para>
1.37 -</section>
1.38 -
1.39 -<section id="gfdl-1"><title>APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</title>
1.40 -
1.41 -<para id="gfdl-doc">This License applies to any manual or other work, in
1.42 -any medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying
1.43 -it can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice
1.44 -grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use
1.45 -that work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below,
1.46 -refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
1.47 -licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you
1.48 -copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under
1.49 -copyright law.</para>
1.50 -
1.51 -<para id="gfdl-mod-ver">A "Modified Version" of the Document means any
1.52 -work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim,
1.53 -or with modifications and/or translated into another language.</para>
1.54 -
1.55 -<para id="gfdl-secnd-sect">A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or
1.56 -a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the
1.57 -relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the
1.58 -Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing
1.59 -that could fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the
1.60 -Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may
1.61 -not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of
1.62 -historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of
1.63 -legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position
1.64 -regarding them.</para>
1.65 -
1.66 -<para id="gfdl-inv-sect">The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary
1.67 -Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant
1.68 -Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under
1.69 -this License. If a section does not fit the above definition of
1.70 -Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The
1.71 -Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document does not
1.72 -identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.</para>
1.73 -
1.74 -<para id="gfdl-cov-text">The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of
1.75 -text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the
1.76 -notice that says that the Document is released under this License. A
1.77 -Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at
1.78 -most 25 words.</para>
1.79 -
1.80 -<para id="gfdl-transparent">A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a
1.81 -machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is
1.82 -available to the general public, that is suitable for revising the
1.83 -document straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images
1.84 -composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely
1.85 -available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text
1.86 -formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable
1.87 -for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent
1.88 -file format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to
1.89 -thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not
1.90 -Transparent. An image format is not Transparent if used for any
1.91 -substantial amount of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called
1.92 -"Opaque".</para>
1.93 -
1.94 -<para>Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
1.95 -ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or
1.96 -XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML,
1.97 -PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of
1.98 -transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats
1.99 -include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
1.100 -proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
1.101 -processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated
1.102 -HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output
1.103 -purposes only.</para>
1.104 -
1.105 -<para id="gfdl-title-page">The "Title Page" means, for a printed book,
1.106 -the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold,
1.107 -legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page.
1.108 -For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title
1.109 -Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's
1.110 -title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.</para>
1.111 -
1.112 -<para id="gfdl-entitled">A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit
1.113 -of the Document whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in
1.114 -parentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language.
1.115 -(Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as
1.116 -"Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To
1.117 -"Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the Document
1.118 -means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according to this
1.119 -definition.</para>
1.120 -
1.121 -<para>The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice
1.122 -which states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
1.123 -Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License,
1.124 -but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that
1.125 -these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the
1.126 -meaning of this License.</para>
1.127 -</section>
1.128 -
1.129 -<section id="gfdl-2"><title>VERBATIM COPYING</title>
1.130 -
1.131 -<para>You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
1.132 -commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
1.133 -copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to
1.134 -the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
1.135 -conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
1.136 -technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying
1.137 -of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
1.138 -compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
1.139 -number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
1.140 -</para>
1.141 -
1.142 -<para>You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above,
1.143 -and you may publicly display copies.</para>
1.144 -</section>
1.145 -
1.146 -<section id="gfdl-3"><title>COPYING IN QUANTITY</title>
1.147 -
1.148 -<para>If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly
1.149 -have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
1.150 -Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
1.151 -copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts:
1.152 -Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back
1.153 -cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the
1.154 -publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title
1.155 -with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add
1.156 -other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited
1.157 -to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and
1.158 -satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other
1.159 -respects.</para>
1.160 -
1.161 -<para>If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
1.162 -legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
1.163 -reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
1.164 -pages.</para>
1.165 -
1.166 -<para>If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document
1.167 -numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable
1.168 -Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each
1.169 -Opaque copy a computer-network location from which the general
1.170 -network-using public has access to download using public-standard
1.171 -network protocols a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of
1.172 -added material. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably
1.173 -prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity,
1.174 -to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the
1.175 -stated location until at least one year after the last time you
1.176 -distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers)
1.177 -of that edition to the public.</para>
1.178 -
1.179 -<para>It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of
1.180 -the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to
1.181 -give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the
1.182 -Document.</para>
1.183 -</section>
1.184 -
1.185 -<section id="gfdl-4"><title>MODIFICATIONS</title>
1.186 -
1.187 -<para>You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document
1.188 -under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you
1.189 -release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the
1.190 -Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing
1.191 -distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever
1.192 -possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the
1.193 -Modified Version:</para>
1.194 -
1.195 -<orderedlist id="gfdl-modif-cond" numeration="upperalpha">
1.196 -<listitem><simpara>Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a
1.197 - title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous
1.198 - versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History
1.199 - section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous
1.200 - version if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
1.201 -</simpara></listitem>
1.202 -<listitem><simpara>List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more
1.203 - persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in
1.204 - the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal
1.205 - authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer
1.206 - than five), unless they release you from this requirement.
1.207 -</simpara></listitem>
1.208 -<listitem><simpara>State on the Title page the name of the publisher of
1.209 - the Modified Version, as the publisher.</simpara></listitem>
1.210 -<listitem><simpara>Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
1.211 -</simpara></listitem>
1.212 -<listitem><simpara>Add an appropriate copyright notice for your
1.213 - modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
1.214 -</simpara></listitem>
1.215 -<listitem><simpara>Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a
1.216 - license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified
1.217 - Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the
1.218 - <link linkend="gfdl-addendum">Addendum</link> below.
1.219 -</simpara></listitem>
1.220 -<listitem><simpara>Preserve in that license notice the full lists of
1.221 - Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's
1.222 - license notice.</simpara></listitem>
1.223 -<listitem><simpara>Include an unaltered copy of this License.
1.224 -</simpara></listitem>
1.225 -<listitem><simpara>Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its
1.226 - Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new
1.227 - authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title
1.228 - Page. If there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document,
1.229 - create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the
1.230 - Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the
1.231 - Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.
1.232 -</simpara></listitem>
1.233 -<listitem><simpara>Preserve the network location, if any, given in the
1.234 - Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and
1.235 - likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous
1.236 - versions it was based on. These may be placed in the "History"
1.237 - section. You may omit a network location for a work that was
1.238 - published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the
1.239 - original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
1.240 -</simpara></listitem>
1.241 -<listitem><simpara>For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or
1.242 - "Dedications", Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the
1.243 - section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor
1.244 - acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
1.245 -</simpara></listitem>
1.246 -<listitem><simpara>Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
1.247 - unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the
1.248 - equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
1.249 -</simpara></listitem>
1.250 -<listitem><simpara>Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements".
1.251 - Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version.
1.252 -</simpara></listitem>
1.253 -<listitem><simpara>Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled
1.254 - "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
1.255 -</simpara></listitem>
1.256 -<listitem><simpara>Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
1.257 -</simpara></listitem>
1.258 -</orderedlist>
1.259 -
1.260 -<para>If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
1.261 -appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
1.262 -copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
1.263 -of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
1.264 -list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
1.265 -These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.</para>
1.266 -
1.267 -<para>You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it
1.268 -contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
1.269 -parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
1.270 -been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
1.271 -standard.</para>
1.272 -
1.273 -<para>You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text,
1.274 -and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the
1.275 -list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
1.276 -Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through
1.277 -arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes
1.278 -a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by
1.279 -arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may
1.280 -not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission
1.281 -from the previous publisher that added the old one.</para>
1.282 -
1.283 -<para>The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this
1.284 -License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to
1.285 -assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.</para>
1.286 -</section>
1.287 -
1.288 -<section id="gfdl-5"><title>COMBINING DOCUMENTS</title>
1.289 -
1.290 -<para>You may combine the Document with other documents released under
1.291 -this License, under the terms defined in <link linkend="gfdl-4">section
1.292 -4</link> above for modified versions, provided that you include in the
1.293 -combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original
1.294 -documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your
1.295 -combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all their
1.296 -Warranty Disclaimers.</para>
1.297 -
1.298 -<para>The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
1.299 -multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
1.300 -copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
1.301 -different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding
1.302 -at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or
1.303 -publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the
1.304 -same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections
1.305 -in the license notice of the combined work.</para>
1.306 -
1.307 -<para>In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled
1.308 -"History" in the various original documents, forming one section
1.309 -Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled
1.310 -"Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must
1.311 -delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements".</para>
1.312 -</section>
1.313 -
1.314 -<section id="gfdl-6"><title>COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</title>
1.315 -
1.316 -<para>You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
1.317 -documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies
1.318 -of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is
1.319 -included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this
1.320 -License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other
1.321 -respects.</para>
1.322 -
1.323 -<para>You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
1.324 -distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a
1.325 -copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this
1.326 -License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that
1.327 -document.</para>
1.328 -</section>
1.329 -
1.330 -<section id="gfdl-7"><title>AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</title>
1.331 -
1.332 -<para>A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other
1.333 -separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a
1.334 -storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the
1.335 -copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal
1.336 -rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works
1.337 -permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does
1.338 -not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
1.339 -derivative works of the Document.</para>
1.340 -
1.341 -<para>If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
1.342 -copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
1.343 -the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers
1.344 -that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic
1.345 -equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise
1.346 -they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
1.347 -aggregate.</para>
1.348 -</section>
1.349 -
1.350 -<section id="gfdl-8"><title>TRANSLATION</title>
1.351 -
1.352 -<para>Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
1.353 -distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
1.354 -Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
1.355 -permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
1.356 -translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
1.357 -original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
1.358 -translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
1.359 -Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
1.360 -the original English version of this License and the original versions
1.361 -of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the
1.362 -translation and the original version of this License or a notice or
1.363 -disclaimer, the original version will prevail.</para>
1.364 -
1.365 -<para>If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
1.366 -"Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its
1.367 -Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
1.368 -title.</para>
1.369 -</section>
1.370 -
1.371 -<section id="gfdl-9"><title>TERMINATION</title>
1.372 -
1.373 -<para>You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
1.374 -except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt
1.375 -to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
1.376 -automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
1.377 -parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License
1.378 -will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain
1.379 -in full compliance.</para>
1.380 -</section>
1.381 -
1.382 -<section id="gfdl-10"><title>FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</title>
1.383 -
1.384 -<para>The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of
1.385 -the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions
1.386 -will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
1.387 -detail to address new problems or concerns. See
1.388 -http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.</para>
1.389 -
1.390 -<para>Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version
1.391 -number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of
1.392 -this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option
1.393 -of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version
1.394 -or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
1.395 -Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
1.396 -number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
1.397 -as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.</para>
1.398 -</section>
1.399 -
1.400 -<section id="gfdl-addendum"><title>ADDENDUM: How to use this License for
1.401 - your documents</title>
1.402 -
1.403 -<para>To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy
1.404 -of the License in the document and put the following copyright and
1.405 -license notices just after the title page:</para>
1.406 -
1.407 -<blockquote id="copyright-sample"><para>
1.408 - Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
1.409 - Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
1.410 - under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
1.411 - or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
1.412 - with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
1.413 - A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
1.414 - Free Documentation License".
1.415 -</para></blockquote>
1.416 -
1.417 -<para>If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover
1.418 -Texts, replace the "with...Texts." line with this:</para>
1.419 -
1.420 -<blockquote id="inv-cover-sample"><para>
1.421 - with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
1.422 - Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
1.423 -</para></blockquote>
1.424 -
1.425 -<para>If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
1.426 -combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
1.427 -situation.</para>
1.428 -
1.429 -<para>If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
1.430 -recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free
1.431 -software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit
1.432 -their use in free software.</para>
1.433 -</section>
1.434 -</appendix>