lemon/arg_parser.h
author Alpar Juttner <alpar@cs.elte.hu>
Fri, 18 Jul 2008 16:47:27 +0100
changeset 226 4c9d85f5dc93
parent 209 765619b7cbb2
child 261 1c2ac7deb5d8
permissions -rw-r--r--
Merge
     1 /* -*- mode: C++; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
     2  *
     3  * This file is a part of LEMON, a generic C++ optimization library.
     4  *
     5  * Copyright (C) 2003-2008
     6  * Egervary Jeno Kombinatorikus Optimalizalasi Kutatocsoport
     7  * (Egervary Research Group on Combinatorial Optimization, EGRES).
     8  *
     9  * Permission to use, modify and distribute this software is granted
    10  * provided that this copyright notice appears in all copies. For
    11  * precise terms see the accompanying LICENSE file.
    12  *
    13  * This software is provided "AS IS" with no warranty of any kind,
    14  * express or implied, and with no claim as to its suitability for any
    15  * purpose.
    16  *
    17  */
    18 
    19 #ifndef LEMON_ARG_PARSER
    20 #define LEMON_ARG_PARSER
    21 
    22 #include <vector>
    23 #include <map>
    24 #include <list>
    25 #include <string>
    26 #include <iostream>
    27 #include <sstream>
    28 #include <algorithm>
    29 #include <lemon/assert.h>
    30 
    31 ///\ingroup misc
    32 ///\file
    33 ///\brief A tool to parse command line arguments.
    34 
    35 namespace lemon {
    36 
    37   ///Command line arguments parser
    38 
    39   ///\ingroup misc
    40   ///Command line arguments parser.
    41   ///
    42   ///For a complete example see the \ref arg_parser_demo.cc demo file.
    43   class ArgParser {
    44 
    45     static void _showHelp(void *p);
    46   protected:
    47 
    48     int _argc;
    49     const char **_argv;
    50 
    51     enum OptType { UNKNOWN=0, BOOL=1, STRING=2, DOUBLE=3, INTEGER=4, FUNC=5 };
    52 
    53     class ParData {
    54     public:
    55       union {
    56         bool *bool_p;
    57         int *int_p;
    58         double *double_p;
    59         std::string *string_p;
    60         struct {
    61           void (*p)(void *);
    62           void *data;
    63         } func_p;
    64 
    65       };
    66       std::string help;
    67       bool mandatory;
    68       OptType type;
    69       bool set;
    70       bool ingroup;
    71       bool has_syn;
    72       bool syn;
    73       bool self_delete;
    74       ParData() : mandatory(false), type(UNKNOWN), set(false), ingroup(false),
    75                   has_syn(false), syn(false), self_delete(false) {}
    76     };
    77 
    78     typedef std::map<std::string,ParData> Opts;
    79     Opts _opts;
    80 
    81     class GroupData
    82     {
    83     public:
    84       typedef std::list<std::string> Opts;
    85       Opts opts;
    86       bool only_one;
    87       bool mandatory;
    88       GroupData() :only_one(false), mandatory(false) {}
    89     };
    90 
    91     typedef std::map<std::string,GroupData> Groups;
    92     Groups _groups;
    93 
    94     struct OtherArg
    95     {
    96       std::string name;
    97       std::string help;
    98       OtherArg(std::string n, std::string h) :name(n), help(h) {}
    99 
   100     };
   101 
   102     std::vector<OtherArg> _others_help;
   103     std::vector<std::string> _file_args;
   104     std::string _command_name;
   105 
   106 
   107   private:
   108     //Bind a function to an option.
   109 
   110     //\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
   111     //\param help A help string.
   112     //\retval func The function to be called when the option is given. It
   113     //  must be of type "void f(void *)"
   114     //\param data Data to be passed to \c func
   115     ArgParser &funcOption(const std::string &name,
   116                     const std::string &help,
   117                     void (*func)(void *),void *data);
   118 
   119   public:
   120 
   121     ///Constructor
   122     ArgParser(int argc, const char **argv);
   123 
   124     ~ArgParser();
   125 
   126     ///\name Options
   127     ///
   128 
   129     ///@{
   130 
   131     ///Add a new integer type option
   132 
   133     ///Add a new integer type option.
   134     ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
   135     ///\param help A help string.
   136     ///\param value A default value for the option.
   137     ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
   138     ArgParser &intOption(const std::string &name,
   139                     const std::string &help,
   140                     int value=0, bool obl=false);
   141 
   142     ///Add a new floating point type option
   143 
   144     ///Add a new floating point type option.
   145     ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
   146     ///\param help A help string.
   147     ///\param value A default value for the option.
   148     ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
   149     ArgParser &doubleOption(const std::string &name,
   150                       const std::string &help,
   151                       double value=0, bool obl=false);
   152 
   153     ///Add a new bool type option
   154 
   155     ///Add a new bool type option.
   156     ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
   157     ///\param help A help string.
   158     ///\param value A default value for the option.
   159     ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
   160     ///\note A mandatory bool obtion is of very little use.
   161     ArgParser &boolOption(const std::string &name,
   162                       const std::string &help,
   163                       bool value=false, bool obl=false);
   164 
   165     ///Add a new string type option
   166 
   167     ///Add a new string type option.
   168     ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
   169     ///\param help A help string.
   170     ///\param value A default value for the option.
   171     ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
   172     ArgParser &stringOption(const std::string &name,
   173                       const std::string &help,
   174                       std::string value="", bool obl=false);
   175 
   176     ///Give help string for non-parsed arguments.
   177 
   178     ///With this function you can give help string for non-parsed arguments.
   179     ///The parameter \c name will be printed in the short usage line, while
   180     ///\c help gives a more detailed description.
   181     ArgParser &other(const std::string &name,
   182                      const std::string &help="");
   183 
   184     ///@}
   185 
   186     ///\name Options with External Storage
   187     ///Using this functions, the value of the option will be directly written
   188     ///into a variable once the option appears in the command line.
   189 
   190     ///@{
   191 
   192     ///Add a new integer type option with a storage reference
   193 
   194     ///Add a new integer type option with a storage reference.
   195     ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
   196     ///\param help A help string.
   197     ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
   198     ///\retval ref The value of the argument will be written to this variable.
   199     ArgParser &refOption(const std::string &name,
   200                     const std::string &help,
   201                     int &ref, bool obl=false);
   202 
   203     ///Add a new floating type option with a storage reference
   204 
   205     ///Add a new floating type option with a storage reference.
   206     ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
   207     ///\param help A help string.
   208     ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
   209     ///\retval ref The value of the argument will be written to this variable.
   210     ArgParser &refOption(const std::string &name,
   211                       const std::string &help,
   212                       double &ref, bool obl=false);
   213 
   214     ///Add a new bool type option with a storage reference
   215 
   216     ///Add a new bool type option with a storage reference.
   217     ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
   218     ///\param help A help string.
   219     ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
   220     ///\retval ref The value of the argument will be written to this variable.
   221     ///\note A mandatory bool obtion is of very little use.
   222     ArgParser &refOption(const std::string &name,
   223                       const std::string &help,
   224                       bool &ref, bool obl=false);
   225 
   226     ///Add a new string type option with a storage reference
   227 
   228     ///Add a new string type option with a storage reference.
   229     ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.
   230     ///\param help A help string.
   231     ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.
   232     ///\retval ref The value of the argument will be written to this variable.
   233     ArgParser &refOption(const std::string &name,
   234                       const std::string &help,
   235                       std::string &ref, bool obl=false);
   236 
   237     ///@}
   238 
   239     ///\name Option Groups and Synonyms
   240     ///
   241 
   242     ///@{
   243 
   244     ///Bundle some options into a group
   245 
   246     /// You can group some option by calling this function repeatedly for each
   247     /// option to be grouped with the same groupname.
   248     ///\param group The group name.
   249     ///\param opt The option name.
   250     ArgParser &optionGroup(const std::string &group,
   251                            const std::string &opt);
   252 
   253     ///Make the members of a group exclusive
   254 
   255     ///If you call this function for a group, than at most one of them can be
   256     ///given at the same time.
   257     ArgParser &onlyOneGroup(const std::string &group);
   258 
   259     ///Make a group mandatory
   260 
   261     ///Using this function, at least one of the members of \c group
   262     ///must be given.
   263     ArgParser &mandatoryGroup(const std::string &group);
   264 
   265     ///Create synonym to an option
   266 
   267     ///With this function you can create a synonym \c syn of the
   268     ///option \c opt.
   269     ArgParser &synonym(const std::string &syn,
   270                            const std::string &opt);
   271 
   272     ///@}
   273 
   274   private:
   275     void show(std::ostream &os,Opts::const_iterator i) const;
   276     void show(std::ostream &os,Groups::const_iterator i) const;
   277     void showHelp(Opts::const_iterator i) const;
   278     void showHelp(std::vector<OtherArg>::const_iterator i) const;
   279 
   280     void unknownOpt(std::string arg) const;
   281 
   282     void requiresValue(std::string arg, OptType t) const;
   283     void checkMandatories() const;
   284 
   285     void shortHelp() const;
   286     void showHelp() const;
   287   public:
   288 
   289     ///Start the parsing process
   290     ArgParser &parse();
   291 
   292     /// Synonym for parse()
   293     ArgParser &run()
   294     {
   295       return parse();
   296     }
   297 
   298     ///Give back the command name (the 0th argument)
   299     const std::string &commandName() const { return _command_name; }
   300 
   301     ///Check if an opion has been given to the command.
   302     bool given(std::string op) const
   303     {
   304       Opts::const_iterator i = _opts.find(op);
   305       return i!=_opts.end()?i->second.set:false;
   306     }
   307 
   308 
   309     ///Magic type for operator[]
   310 
   311     ///This is the type of the return value of ArgParser::operator[]().
   312     ///It automatically converts to \c int, \c double, \c bool or
   313     ///\c std::string if the type of the option matches, otherwise it
   314     ///throws an exception (i.e. it performs runtime type checking).
   315     class RefType
   316     {
   317       const ArgParser &_parser;
   318       std::string _name;
   319     public:
   320       ///\e
   321       RefType(const ArgParser &p,const std::string &n) :_parser(p),_name(n) {}
   322       ///\e
   323       operator bool()
   324       {
   325         Opts::const_iterator i = _parser._opts.find(_name);
   326         LEMON_ASSERT(i!=_parser._opts.end(),
   327                      std::string()+"Unkown option: '"+_name+"'");
   328         LEMON_ASSERT(i->second.type==ArgParser::BOOL,
   329                      std::string()+"'"+_name+"' is a bool option");
   330         return *(i->second.bool_p);
   331       }
   332       ///\e
   333       operator std::string()
   334       {
   335         Opts::const_iterator i = _parser._opts.find(_name);
   336         LEMON_ASSERT(i!=_parser._opts.end(),
   337                      std::string()+"Unkown option: '"+_name+"'");
   338         LEMON_ASSERT(i->second.type==ArgParser::STRING,
   339                      std::string()+"'"+_name+"' is a string option");
   340         return *(i->second.string_p);
   341       }
   342       ///\e
   343       operator double()
   344       {
   345         Opts::const_iterator i = _parser._opts.find(_name);
   346         LEMON_ASSERT(i!=_parser._opts.end(),
   347                      std::string()+"Unkown option: '"+_name+"'");
   348         LEMON_ASSERT(i->second.type==ArgParser::DOUBLE ||
   349                      i->second.type==ArgParser::INTEGER,
   350                      std::string()+"'"+_name+"' is a floating point option");
   351         return i->second.type==ArgParser::DOUBLE ?
   352           *(i->second.double_p) : *(i->second.int_p);
   353       }
   354       ///\e
   355       operator int()
   356       {
   357         Opts::const_iterator i = _parser._opts.find(_name);
   358         LEMON_ASSERT(i!=_parser._opts.end(),
   359                      std::string()+"Unkown option: '"+_name+"'");
   360         LEMON_ASSERT(i->second.type==ArgParser::INTEGER,
   361                      std::string()+"'"+_name+"' is an integer option");
   362         return *(i->second.int_p);
   363       }
   364 
   365     };
   366 
   367     ///Give back the value of an option
   368 
   369     ///Give back the value of an option.
   370     ///\sa RefType
   371     RefType operator[](const std::string &n) const
   372     {
   373       return RefType(*this, n);
   374     }
   375 
   376     ///Give back the non-option type arguments.
   377 
   378     ///Give back a reference to a vector consisting of the program arguments
   379     ///not starting with a '-' character.
   380     const std::vector<std::string> &files() const { return _file_args; }
   381 
   382   };
   383 }
   384 
   385 #endif // LEMON_ARG_PARSER