Document and greatly improve TSP algorithms (#386)

- Add LEMON headers.
- Add Doxygen doc for all classes and their members.
- Clarify and unify the public API of the algorithms.
- Various small improvements in the implementations to make
them clearer and faster.
- Avoid using adaptors in ChristofidesTsp.

#define LEMON_VERSION "@PROJECT_VERSION@"

#cmakedefine LEMON_HAVE_LONG_LONG 1

#cmakedefine LEMON_HAVE_LP 1

#cmakedefine LEMON_HAVE_MIP 1

#cmakedefine LEMON_HAVE_GLPK 1

#cmakedefine LEMON_HAVE_CPLEX 1

#cmakedefine LEMON_HAVE_CLP 1

#cmakedefine LEMON_HAVE_CBC 1