RhodeCode

  /// This class provides an efficient implementation of the Bellman-Ford 

  /// algorithm. The maximum time complexity of the algorithm is

  /// <tt>O(ne)</tt>.

  ///

  /// The Bellman-Ford algorithm solves the single-source shortest path

  /// problem when the arcs can have negative lengths, but the digraph

  /// should not contain directed cycles with negative total length.

  /// If all arc costs are non-negative, consider to use the Dijkstra

  /// algorithm instead, since it is more efficient.

  ///

  /// The arc lengths are passed to the algorithm using a

  /// \ref concepts::ReadMap "ReadMap", so it is easy to change it to any 

  /// kind of length. The type of the length values is determined by the

  /// \ref concepts::ReadMap::Value "Value" type of the length map.

  ///

  /// There is also a \ref bellmanFord() "function-type interface" for the

  /// Bellman-Ford algorithm, which is convenient in the simplier cases and

  /// it can be used easier.

  ///

  /// \tparam GR The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

  /// The default type is \ref ListDigraph.

  /// \tparam LEN A \ref concepts::ReadMap "readable" arc map that specifies

  /// the lengths of the arcs. The default map type is

  /// \ref concepts::Digraph::ArcMap "GR::ArcMap<int>".

#ifdef DOXYGEN

  template <typename GR, typename LEN, typename TR>

#else

  template <typename GR=ListDigraph,

            typename LEN=typename GR::template ArcMap<int>,

            typename TR=BellmanFordDefaultTraits<GR,LEN> >

#endif

  class BellmanFord {

  public:

    ///The type of the underlying digraph.

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    /// \brief The type of the arc lengths.

    typedef typename TR::LengthMap::Value Value;

    /// \brief The type of the map that stores the arc lengths.

    typedef typename TR::LengthMap LengthMap;

    /// \brief The type of the map that stores the last

    /// arcs of the shortest paths.

    typedef typename TR::PredMap PredMap;

    /// \brief The type of the map that stores the distances of the nodes.

    typedef typename TR::DistMap DistMap;

    /// The type of the paths.

    typedef PredMapPath<Digraph, PredMap> Path;

    /// This constructor requires two parameters,

    /// others are initiated to \c 0.

    /// \param gr The digraph the algorithm runs on.

    /// \param len The length map.

    BellmanFordWizardBase(const GR& gr, 

			  const LEN& len) :

      _graph(reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<GR*>(&gr))), 

      _length(reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<LEN*>(&len))), 

      _pred(0), _dist(0), _path(0), _di(0) {}

  };

  /// \brief Auxiliary class for the function-type interface of the

  /// \ref BellmanFord "Bellman-Ford" algorithm.

  ///

  /// This auxiliary class is created to implement the

  /// \ref bellmanFord() "function-type interface" of the

  /// \ref BellmanFord "Bellman-Ford" algorithm.

  /// It does not have own \ref run() method, it uses the

  /// functions and features of the plain \ref BellmanFord.

  ///

  /// This class should only be used through the \ref bellmanFord()

  /// function, which makes it easier to use the algorithm.

  template<class TR>

  class BellmanFordWizard : public TR {

    typedef TR Base;

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    typedef typename Digraph::Node Node;

    typedef typename Digraph::NodeIt NodeIt;

    typedef typename Digraph::Arc Arc;

    typedef typename Digraph::OutArcIt ArcIt;

    typedef typename TR::LengthMap LengthMap;

    typedef typename LengthMap::Value Value;

    typedef typename TR::PredMap PredMap;

    typedef typename TR::DistMap DistMap;

    typedef typename TR::Path Path;

  public:

    /// Constructor.

    BellmanFordWizard() : TR() {}

    /// \brief Constructor that requires parameters.

    ///

    /// Constructor that requires parameters.

    ///It must conform to the \ref concepts::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept.

    typedef typename Digraph::template NodeMap<int> DistMap;

    ///Instantiates a \c DistMap.

    ///This function instantiates a \ref DistMap.

    ///\param g is the digraph, to which we would like to define the

    ///\ref DistMap.

    static DistMap *createDistMap(const Digraph &g)

    {

      return new DistMap(g);

    }

  };

  ///%BFS algorithm class.

  ///\ingroup search

  ///This class provides an efficient implementation of the %BFS algorithm.

  ///

  ///There is also a \ref bfs() "function-type interface" for the BFS

  ///algorithm, which is convenient in the simplier cases and it can be

  ///used easier.

  ///

  ///\tparam GR The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

  ///The default type is \ref ListDigraph.

#ifdef DOXYGEN

  template <typename GR,

            typename TR>

#else

  template <typename GR=ListDigraph,

            typename TR=BfsDefaultTraits<GR> >

#endif

  class Bfs {

  public:

    ///The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    ///\brief The type of the map that stores the predecessor arcs of the

    ///shortest paths.

    typedef typename TR::PredMap PredMap;

    ///The type of the map that stores the distances of the nodes.

    typedef typename TR::DistMap DistMap;

    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are reached.

    typedef typename TR::ReachedMap ReachedMap;

    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are processed.

    typedef typename TR::ProcessedMap ProcessedMap;

    ///The type of the paths.

    typedef PredMapPath<Digraph, PredMap> Path;

    /// all of the attributes to \c 0.

    BfsWizardBase() : _g(0), _reached(0), _processed(0), _pred(0),

                      _dist(0), _path(0), _di(0) {}

    /// Constructor.

    /// This constructor requires one parameter,

    /// others are initiated to \c 0.

    /// \param g The digraph the algorithm runs on.

    BfsWizardBase(const GR &g) :

      _g(reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<GR*>(&g))),

      _reached(0), _processed(0), _pred(0), _dist(0),  _path(0), _di(0) {}

  };

  /// Auxiliary class for the function-type interface of BFS algorithm.

  /// This auxiliary class is created to implement the

  /// \ref bfs() "function-type interface" of \ref Bfs algorithm.

  /// It does not have own \ref run(Node) "run()" method, it uses the

  /// functions and features of the plain \ref Bfs.

  ///

  /// This class should only be used through the \ref bfs() function,

  /// which makes it easier to use the algorithm.

  template<class TR>

  class BfsWizard : public TR

  {

    typedef TR Base;

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    typedef typename Digraph::Node Node;

    typedef typename Digraph::NodeIt NodeIt;

    typedef typename Digraph::Arc Arc;

    typedef typename Digraph::OutArcIt OutArcIt;

    typedef typename TR::PredMap PredMap;

    typedef typename TR::DistMap DistMap;

    typedef typename TR::ReachedMap ReachedMap;

    typedef typename TR::ProcessedMap ProcessedMap;

    typedef typename TR::Path Path;

  public:

    /// Constructor.

    BfsWizard() : TR() {}

    /// Constructor that requires parameters.

  /// \ingroup search

  ///

  /// \brief BFS algorithm class with visitor interface.

  ///

  /// This class provides an efficient implementation of the BFS algorithm

  /// with visitor interface.

  ///

  /// The BfsVisit class provides an alternative interface to the Bfs

  /// class. It works with callback mechanism, the BfsVisit object calls

  /// the member functions of the \c Visitor class on every BFS event.

  ///

  /// This interface of the BFS algorithm should be used in special cases

  /// when extra actions have to be performed in connection with certain

  /// events of the BFS algorithm. Otherwise consider to use Bfs or bfs()

  /// instead.

  ///

  /// \tparam GR The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

  /// The default type is \ref ListDigraph.

  /// The value of GR is not used directly by \ref BfsVisit,

  /// it is only passed to \ref BfsVisitDefaultTraits.

  /// \tparam VS The Visitor type that is used by the algorithm.

  /// \ref BfsVisitor "BfsVisitor<GR>" is an empty visitor, which

  /// does not observe the BFS events. If you want to observe the BFS

  /// events, you should implement your own visitor class.

#ifdef DOXYGEN

  template <typename GR, typename VS, typename TR>

#else

  template <typename GR = ListDigraph,

            typename VS = BfsVisitor<GR>,

            typename TR = BfsVisitDefaultTraits<GR> >

#endif

  class BfsVisit {

  public:

    ///The traits class.

    typedef TR Traits;

    ///The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

    typedef typename Traits::Digraph Digraph;

    ///The visitor type used by the algorithm.

    typedef VS Visitor;

    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are reached.

    typedef typename Traits::ReachedMap ReachedMap;

  private:

    /// its priority type must be \c Cost and its cross reference type

    /// must be \ref RangeMap "RangeMap<int>".

    typedef BinHeap<Cost, RangeMap<int> > Heap;

  };

  /// \addtogroup min_cost_flow_algs

  /// @{

  /// \brief Implementation of the Capacity Scaling algorithm for

  /// finding a \ref min_cost_flow "minimum cost flow".

  ///

  /// \ref CapacityScaling implements the capacity scaling version

  /// of the successive shortest path algorithm for finding a

  /// \ref min_cost_flow "minimum cost flow" \ref amo93networkflows,

  /// \ref edmondskarp72theoretical. It is an efficient dual

  /// solution method.

  ///

  /// Most of the parameters of the problem (except for the digraph)

  /// can be given using separate functions, and the algorithm can be

  /// executed using the \ref run() function. If some parameters are not

  /// specified, then default values will be used.

  ///

  /// \tparam GR The digraph type the algorithm runs on.

  /// \tparam V The number type used for flow amounts, capacity bounds

  /// \tparam C The number type used for costs and potentials in the

  ///

  /// \warning Both number types must be signed and all input data must

  /// be integer.

  /// \warning This algorithm does not support negative costs for such

  /// arcs that have infinite upper bound.

#ifdef DOXYGEN

  template <typename GR, typename V, typename C, typename TR>

#else

  template < typename GR, typename V = int, typename C = V,

             typename TR = CapacityScalingDefaultTraits<GR, V, C> >

#endif

  class CapacityScaling

  {

  public:

    /// The type of the digraph

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    /// The type of the flow amounts, capacity bounds and supply values

    typedef typename TR::Value Value;

    /// The type of the arc costs

    typedef typename TR::Cost Cost;

    /// The type of the heap used for internal Dijkstra computations

    typedef typename TR::Heap Heap;

     constraints have to be satisfied with equality, i.e. all demands

     have to be satisfied and all supplies have to be used.

     If you need the opposite inequalities in the supply/demand constraints

     (i.e. the total demand is less than the total supply and all the demands

     have to be satisfied while there could be supplies that are not used),

     then you could easily transform the problem to the above form by reversing

     the direction of the arcs and taking the negative of the supply values

     (e.g. using \ref ReverseDigraph and \ref NegMap adaptors).

     This algorithm either calculates a feasible circulation, or provides

     a \ref barrier() "barrier", which prooves that a feasible soultion

     cannot exist.

     Note that this algorithm also provides a feasible solution for the

     \ref min_cost_flow "minimum cost flow problem".

     \tparam GR The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

     \tparam LM The type of the lower bound map. The default

     map type is \ref concepts::Digraph::ArcMap "GR::ArcMap<int>".

     \tparam UM The type of the upper bound (capacity) map.

     The default map type is \c LM.

     \tparam SM The type of the supply map. The default map type is

     \ref concepts::Digraph::NodeMap "GR::NodeMap<UM::Value>".

  */

#ifdef DOXYGEN

template< typename GR,

          typename LM,

          typename UM,

          typename SM,

          typename TR >

#else

template< typename GR,

          typename LM = typename GR::template ArcMap<int>,

          typename UM = LM,

          typename SM = typename GR::template NodeMap<typename UM::Value>,

          typename TR = CirculationDefaultTraits<GR, LM, UM, SM> >

#endif

  class Circulation {

  public:

    ///The \ref CirculationDefaultTraits "traits class" of the algorithm.

    typedef TR Traits;

    ///The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

    typedef typename Traits::Digraph Digraph;

    ///The type of the flow and supply values.

    typedef typename Traits::Value Value;

  };

  /// \addtogroup min_cost_flow_algs

  /// @{

  /// \brief Implementation of the Cost Scaling algorithm for

  /// finding a \ref min_cost_flow "minimum cost flow".

  ///

  /// \ref CostScaling implements a cost scaling algorithm that performs

  /// push/augment and relabel operations for finding a \ref min_cost_flow

  /// "minimum cost flow" \ref amo93networkflows, \ref goldberg90approximation,

  /// \ref goldberg97efficient, \ref bunnagel98efficient. 

  /// It is a highly efficient primal-dual solution method, which

  /// can be viewed as the generalization of the \ref Preflow

  /// "preflow push-relabel" algorithm for the maximum flow problem.

  ///

  /// Most of the parameters of the problem (except for the digraph)

  /// can be given using separate functions, and the algorithm can be

  /// executed using the \ref run() function. If some parameters are not

  /// specified, then default values will be used.

  ///

  /// \tparam GR The digraph type the algorithm runs on.

  /// \tparam V The number type used for flow amounts, capacity bounds

  /// \tparam C The number type used for costs and potentials in the

  ///

  /// \warning Both number types must be signed and all input data must

  /// be integer.

  /// \warning This algorithm does not support negative costs for such

  /// arcs that have infinite upper bound.

  ///

  /// \note %CostScaling provides three different internal methods,

  /// from which the most efficient one is used by default.

  /// For more information, see \ref Method.

#ifdef DOXYGEN

  template <typename GR, typename V, typename C, typename TR>

#else

  template < typename GR, typename V = int, typename C = V,

             typename TR = CostScalingDefaultTraits<GR, V, C> >

#endif

  class CostScaling

  {

  public:

    /// The type of the digraph

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    /// The type of the flow amounts, capacity bounds and supply values

    typedef typename TR::Value Value;

    /// The type of the arc costs

    typedef typename TR::Cost Cost;

    /// \brief The large cost type

    ///

    /// The large cost type used for internal computations.

    /// otherwise it is \c double.

    typedef typename TR::LargeCost LargeCost;

    /// The \ref CostScalingDefaultTraits "traits class" of the algorithm

    typedef TR Traits;

  public:

    /// \brief Problem type constants for the \c run() function.

    ///

    /// Enum type containing the problem type constants that can be

    /// returned by the \ref run() function of the algorithm.

    enum ProblemType {

      /// The problem has no feasible solution (flow).

      INFEASIBLE,

      /// The problem has optimal solution (i.e. it is feasible and

      /// bounded), and the algorithm has found optimal flow and node

      /// potentials (primal and dual solutions).

      OPTIMAL,

      /// The digraph contains an arc of negative cost and infinite

      /// upper bound. It means that the objective function is unbounded

      /// on that arc, however, note that it could actually be bounded

      /// over the feasible flows, but this algroithm cannot handle

      /// these cases.

    ///It must conform to the \ref concepts::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept.

    typedef typename Digraph::template NodeMap<int> DistMap;

    ///Instantiates a \c DistMap.

    ///This function instantiates a \ref DistMap.

    ///\param g is the digraph, to which we would like to define the

    ///\ref DistMap.

    static DistMap *createDistMap(const Digraph &g)

    {

      return new DistMap(g);

    }

  };

  ///%DFS algorithm class.

  ///\ingroup search

  ///This class provides an efficient implementation of the %DFS algorithm.

  ///

  ///There is also a \ref dfs() "function-type interface" for the DFS

  ///algorithm, which is convenient in the simplier cases and it can be

  ///used easier.

  ///

  ///\tparam GR The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

  ///The default type is \ref ListDigraph.

#ifdef DOXYGEN

  template <typename GR,

            typename TR>

#else

  template <typename GR=ListDigraph,

            typename TR=DfsDefaultTraits<GR> >

#endif

  class Dfs {

  public:

    ///The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    ///\brief The type of the map that stores the predecessor arcs of the

    ///DFS paths.

    typedef typename TR::PredMap PredMap;

    ///The type of the map that stores the distances of the nodes.

    typedef typename TR::DistMap DistMap;

    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are reached.

    typedef typename TR::ReachedMap ReachedMap;

    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are processed.

    typedef typename TR::ProcessedMap ProcessedMap;

    ///The type of the paths.

    typedef PredMapPath<Digraph, PredMap> Path;

    /// all of the attributes to \c 0.

    DfsWizardBase() : _g(0), _reached(0), _processed(0), _pred(0),

                      _dist(0), _path(0), _di(0) {}

    /// Constructor.

    /// This constructor requires one parameter,

    /// others are initiated to \c 0.

    /// \param g The digraph the algorithm runs on.

    DfsWizardBase(const GR &g) :

      _g(reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<GR*>(&g))),

      _reached(0), _processed(0), _pred(0), _dist(0),  _path(0), _di(0) {}

  };

  /// Auxiliary class for the function-type interface of DFS algorithm.

  /// This auxiliary class is created to implement the

  /// \ref dfs() "function-type interface" of \ref Dfs algorithm.

  /// It does not have own \ref run(Node) "run()" method, it uses the

  /// functions and features of the plain \ref Dfs.

  ///

  /// This class should only be used through the \ref dfs() function,

  /// which makes it easier to use the algorithm.

  template<class TR>

  class DfsWizard : public TR

  {

    typedef TR Base;

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    typedef typename Digraph::Node Node;

    typedef typename Digraph::NodeIt NodeIt;

    typedef typename Digraph::Arc Arc;

    typedef typename Digraph::OutArcIt OutArcIt;

    typedef typename TR::PredMap PredMap;

    typedef typename TR::DistMap DistMap;

    typedef typename TR::ReachedMap ReachedMap;

    typedef typename TR::ProcessedMap ProcessedMap;

    typedef typename TR::Path Path;

  public:

    /// Constructor.

    DfsWizard() : TR() {}

    /// Constructor that requires parameters.

  /// \ingroup search

  ///

  /// \brief DFS algorithm class with visitor interface.

  ///

  /// This class provides an efficient implementation of the DFS algorithm

  /// with visitor interface.

  ///

  /// The DfsVisit class provides an alternative interface to the Dfs

  /// class. It works with callback mechanism, the DfsVisit object calls

  /// the member functions of the \c Visitor class on every DFS event.

  ///

  /// This interface of the DFS algorithm should be used in special cases

  /// when extra actions have to be performed in connection with certain

  /// events of the DFS algorithm. Otherwise consider to use Dfs or dfs()

  /// instead.

  ///

  /// \tparam GR The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

  /// The default type is \ref ListDigraph.

  /// The value of GR is not used directly by \ref DfsVisit,

  /// it is only passed to \ref DfsVisitDefaultTraits.

  /// \tparam VS The Visitor type that is used by the algorithm.

  /// \ref DfsVisitor "DfsVisitor<GR>" is an empty visitor, which

  /// does not observe the DFS events. If you want to observe the DFS

  /// events, you should implement your own visitor class.

#ifdef DOXYGEN

  template <typename GR, typename VS, typename TR>

#else

  template <typename GR = ListDigraph,

            typename VS = DfsVisitor<GR>,

            typename TR = DfsVisitDefaultTraits<GR> >

#endif

  class DfsVisit {

  public:

    ///The traits class.

    typedef TR Traits;

    ///The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

    typedef typename Traits::Digraph Digraph;

    ///The visitor type used by the algorithm.

    typedef VS Visitor;

    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are reached.

    typedef typename Traits::ReachedMap ReachedMap;

  private:

  ///

  ///The %Dijkstra algorithm solves the single-source shortest path problem

  ///when all arc lengths are non-negative. If there are negative lengths,

  ///the BellmanFord algorithm should be used instead.

  ///

  ///The arc lengths are passed to the algorithm using a

  ///\ref concepts::ReadMap "ReadMap",

  ///so it is easy to change it to any kind of length.

  ///The type of the length is determined by the

  ///\ref concepts::ReadMap::Value "Value" of the length map.

  ///It is also possible to change the underlying priority heap.

  ///

  ///There is also a \ref dijkstra() "function-type interface" for the

  ///%Dijkstra algorithm, which is convenient in the simplier cases and

  ///it can be used easier.

  ///

  ///\tparam GR The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

  ///The default type is \ref ListDigraph.

  ///\tparam LEN A \ref concepts::ReadMap "readable" arc map that specifies

  ///the lengths of the arcs.

  ///It is read once for each arc, so the map may involve in

  ///relatively time consuming process to compute the arc lengths if

  ///it is necessary. The default map type is \ref

  ///concepts::Digraph::ArcMap "GR::ArcMap<int>".

#ifdef DOXYGEN

  template <typename GR, typename LEN, typename TR>

#else

  template <typename GR=ListDigraph,

            typename LEN=typename GR::template ArcMap<int>,

            typename TR=DijkstraDefaultTraits<GR,LEN> >

#endif

  class Dijkstra {

  public:

    ///The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    ///The type of the arc lengths.

    typedef typename TR::Value Value;

    ///The type of the map that stores the arc lengths.

    typedef typename TR::LengthMap LengthMap;

    ///\brief The type of the map that stores the predecessor arcs of the

    ///shortest paths.

    typedef typename TR::PredMap PredMap;

    ///The type of the map that stores the distances of the nodes.

    typedef typename TR::DistMap DistMap;

    ///The type of the map that indicates which nodes are processed.

    typedef typename TR::ProcessedMap ProcessedMap;

                           _dist(0), _path(0), _di(0) {}

    /// Constructor.

    /// This constructor requires two parameters,

    /// others are initiated to \c 0.

    /// \param g The digraph the algorithm runs on.

    /// \param l The length map.

    DijkstraWizardBase(const GR &g,const LEN &l) :

      _g(reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<GR*>(&g))),

      _length(reinterpret_cast<void*>(const_cast<LEN*>(&l))),

      _processed(0), _pred(0), _dist(0), _path(0), _di(0) {}

  };

  /// Auxiliary class for the function-type interface of Dijkstra algorithm.

  /// This auxiliary class is created to implement the

  /// \ref dijkstra() "function-type interface" of \ref Dijkstra algorithm.

  /// It does not have own \ref run(Node) "run()" method, it uses the

  /// functions and features of the plain \ref Dijkstra.

  ///

  /// This class should only be used through the \ref dijkstra() function,

  /// which makes it easier to use the algorithm.

  template<class TR>

  class DijkstraWizard : public TR

  {

    typedef TR Base;

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    typedef typename Digraph::Node Node;

    typedef typename Digraph::NodeIt NodeIt;

    typedef typename Digraph::Arc Arc;

    typedef typename Digraph::OutArcIt OutArcIt;

    typedef typename TR::LengthMap LengthMap;

    typedef typename LengthMap::Value Value;

    typedef typename TR::PredMap PredMap;

    typedef typename TR::DistMap DistMap;

    typedef typename TR::ProcessedMap ProcessedMap;

    typedef typename TR::Path Path;

    typedef typename TR::Heap Heap;

  public:

    /// Constructor.

    DijkstraWizard() : TR() {}

#else

    typedef long LargeValue;

#endif

    typedef lemon::Tolerance<LargeValue> Tolerance;

    typedef lemon::Path<Digraph> Path;

  };

  /// \addtogroup min_mean_cycle

  /// @{

  /// \brief Implementation of the Hartmann-Orlin algorithm for finding

  /// a minimum mean cycle.

  ///

  /// This class implements the Hartmann-Orlin algorithm for finding

  /// a directed cycle of minimum mean length (cost) in a digraph

  /// \ref amo93networkflows, \ref dasdan98minmeancycle.

  /// It is an improved version of \ref Karp "Karp"'s original algorithm,

  /// it applies an efficient early termination scheme.

  /// It runs in time O(ne) and uses space O(n<sup>2</sup>+e).

  ///

  /// \tparam GR The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

  /// \tparam LEN The type of the length map. The default

  /// map type is \ref concepts::Digraph::ArcMap "GR::ArcMap<int>".

#ifdef DOXYGEN

  template <typename GR, typename LEN, typename TR>

#else

  template < typename GR,

             typename LEN = typename GR::template ArcMap<int>,

             typename TR = HartmannOrlinDefaultTraits<GR, LEN> >

#endif

  class HartmannOrlin

  {

  public:

    /// The type of the digraph

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    /// The type of the length map

    typedef typename TR::LengthMap LengthMap;

    /// The type of the arc lengths

    typedef typename TR::Value Value;

    /// \brief The large value type

    ///

    /// The large value type used for internal computations.

    /// otherwise it is \c double.

    typedef typename TR::LargeValue LargeValue;

    /// The tolerance type

    typedef typename TR::Tolerance Tolerance;

    /// \brief The path type of the found cycles

    ///

    /// The path type of the found cycles.

    /// Using the \ref HartmannOrlinDefaultTraits "default traits class",

    /// it is \ref lemon::Path "Path<Digraph>".

    typedef typename TR::Path Path;

    /// The \ref HartmannOrlinDefaultTraits "traits class" of the algorithm

    typedef TR Traits;

  private:

    TEMPLATE_DIGRAPH_TYPEDEFS(Digraph);

    // Data sturcture for path data

    struct PathData

    {

      LargeValue dist;

#else

    typedef long LargeValue;

#endif

    typedef lemon::Tolerance<LargeValue> Tolerance;

    typedef lemon::Path<Digraph> Path;

  };

  /// \addtogroup min_mean_cycle

  /// @{

  /// \brief Implementation of Howard's algorithm for finding a minimum

  /// mean cycle.

  ///

  /// This class implements Howard's policy iteration algorithm for finding

  /// a directed cycle of minimum mean length (cost) in a digraph

  /// \ref amo93networkflows, \ref dasdan98minmeancycle.

  /// This class provides the most efficient algorithm for the

  /// minimum mean cycle problem, though the best known theoretical

  /// bound on its running time is exponential.

  ///

  /// \tparam GR The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

  /// \tparam LEN The type of the length map. The default

  /// map type is \ref concepts::Digraph::ArcMap "GR::ArcMap<int>".

#ifdef DOXYGEN

  template <typename GR, typename LEN, typename TR>

#else

  template < typename GR,

             typename LEN = typename GR::template ArcMap<int>,

             typename TR = HowardDefaultTraits<GR, LEN> >

#endif

  class Howard

  {

  public:

    /// The type of the digraph

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    /// The type of the length map

    typedef typename TR::LengthMap LengthMap;

    /// The type of the arc lengths

    typedef typename TR::Value Value;

    /// \brief The large value type

    ///

    /// The large value type used for internal computations.

    /// otherwise it is \c double.

    typedef typename TR::LargeValue LargeValue;

    /// The tolerance type

    typedef typename TR::Tolerance Tolerance;

    /// \brief The path type of the found cycles

    ///

    /// The path type of the found cycles.

    /// Using the \ref HowardDefaultTraits "default traits class",

    /// it is \ref lemon::Path "Path<Digraph>".

    typedef typename TR::Path Path;

    /// The \ref HowardDefaultTraits "traits class" of the algorithm

    typedef TR Traits;

  private:

    TEMPLATE_DIGRAPH_TYPEDEFS(Digraph);

    // The digraph the algorithm runs on

    const Digraph &_gr;

    // The length of the arcs

    const LengthMap &_length;

#ifdef LEMON_HAVE_LONG_LONG

    typedef long long LargeValue;

#else

    typedef long LargeValue;

#endif

    typedef lemon::Tolerance<LargeValue> Tolerance;

    typedef lemon::Path<Digraph> Path;

  };

  /// \addtogroup min_mean_cycle

  /// @{

  /// \brief Implementation of Karp's algorithm for finding a minimum

  /// mean cycle.

  ///

  /// This class implements Karp's algorithm for finding a directed

  /// cycle of minimum mean length (cost) in a digraph

  /// \ref amo93networkflows, \ref dasdan98minmeancycle.

  /// It runs in time O(ne) and uses space O(n<sup>2</sup>+e).

  ///

  /// \tparam GR The type of the digraph the algorithm runs on.

  /// \tparam LEN The type of the length map. The default

  /// map type is \ref concepts::Digraph::ArcMap "GR::ArcMap<int>".

#ifdef DOXYGEN

  template <typename GR, typename LEN, typename TR>

#else

  template < typename GR,

             typename LEN = typename GR::template ArcMap<int>,

             typename TR = KarpDefaultTraits<GR, LEN> >

#endif

  class Karp

  {

  public:

    /// The type of the digraph

    typedef typename TR::Digraph Digraph;

    /// The type of the length map

    typedef typename TR::LengthMap LengthMap;

    /// The type of the arc lengths

    typedef typename TR::Value Value;

    /// \brief The large value type

    ///

    /// The large value type used for internal computations.

    /// otherwise it is \c double.

    typedef typename TR::LargeValue LargeValue;

    /// The tolerance type

    typedef typename TR::Tolerance Tolerance;

    /// \brief The path type of the found cycles

    ///

    /// The path type of the found cycles.

    /// Using the \ref KarpDefaultTraits "default traits class",

    /// it is \ref lemon::Path "Path<Digraph>".

    typedef typename TR::Path Path;

    /// The \ref KarpDefaultTraits "traits class" of the algorithm

    typedef TR Traits;

  private:

    TEMPLATE_DIGRAPH_TYPEDEFS(Digraph);

    // Data sturcture for path data

    struct PathData

    {

      LargeValue dist;

  };

  /// \ingroup spantree

  ///

  /// \brief Minimum Cost Arborescence algorithm class.

  ///

  /// This class provides an efficient implementation of the

  /// Minimum Cost Arborescence algorithm. The arborescence is a tree

  /// which is directed from a given source node of the digraph. One or

  /// more sources should be given to the algorithm and it will calculate

  /// the minimum cost subgraph that is the union of arborescences with the

  /// given sources and spans all the nodes which are reachable from the

  /// sources. The time complexity of the algorithm is O(n<sup>2</sup>+e).

  ///

  /// The algorithm also provides an optimal dual solution, therefore

  /// the optimality of the solution can be checked.

  ///

  /// \param GR The digraph type the algorithm runs on.

  /// \param CM A read-only arc map storing the costs of the

  /// arcs. It is read once for each arc, so the map may involve in

  /// relatively time consuming process to compute the arc costs if

  /// it is necessary. The default map type is \ref

  /// concepts::Digraph::ArcMap "Digraph::ArcMap<int>".

  /// "MinCostArborescenceDefaultTraits<GR, CM>".

#ifndef DOXYGEN

  template <typename GR,

            typename CM = typename GR::template ArcMap<int>,

            typename TR =

              MinCostArborescenceDefaultTraits<GR, CM> >

#else

#endif

  class MinCostArborescence {

  public:

    /// \brief The \ref MinCostArborescenceDefaultTraits "traits class" 

    /// of the algorithm. 

    typedef TR Traits;

    /// The type of the underlying digraph.

    typedef typename Traits::Digraph Digraph;

    /// The type of the map that stores the arc costs.

    typedef typename Traits::CostMap CostMap;

    ///The type of the costs of the arcs.

    typedef typename Traits::Value Value;

    ///The type of the predecessor map.

    typedef typename Traits::PredMap PredMap;

    ///The type of the map that stores which arcs are in the arborescence.

    typedef typename Traits::ArborescenceMap ArborescenceMap;

    typedef MinCostArborescence Create;

  private:

    TEMPLATE_DIGRAPH_TYPEDEFS(Digraph);

  /// \ingroup max_flow

  ///

  /// \brief %Preflow algorithm class.

  ///

  /// This class provides an implementation of Goldberg-Tarjan's \e preflow

  /// \e push-relabel algorithm producing a \ref max_flow

  /// "flow of maximum value" in a digraph \ref clrs01algorithms,

  /// \ref amo93networkflows, \ref goldberg88newapproach.

  /// The preflow algorithms are the fastest known maximum

  /// flow algorithms. The current implementation uses a mixture of the

  /// \e "highest label" and the \e "bound decrease" heuristics.

  /// The worst case time complexity of the algorithm is \f$O(n^2\sqrt{e})\f$.

  ///

  /// The algorithm consists of two phases. After the first phase

  /// the maximum flow value and the minimum cut is obtained. The

  /// second phase constructs a feasible maximum flow on each arc.

  ///

  /// \warning This implementation cannot handle infinite or very large

  /// capacities (e.g. the maximum value of \c CAP::Value).