RhodeCode

LEMON code without an explicit copyright notice is covered by the following

copyright/license.

Kutatocsoport (Egervary Combinatorial Optimization Research Group,

EGRES).

===========================================================================

Boost Software License, Version 1.0

===========================================================================

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization

obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by

this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,

execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the

Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to

do so, all subject to the following:

The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including

the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,

must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and

all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative

works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by

a source language processor.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR

IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,

FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT

SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE

FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,

ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER

DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

2009-05-13 Version 1.1 released

        This is the second stable release of the 1.x series. It

        features a better coverage of the tools available in the 0.x

        series, a thoroughly reworked LP/MIP interface plus various

        improvements in the existing tools.

        * Much improved M$ Windows support

          * Various improvements in the CMAKE build system

          * Compilation warnings are fixed/suppressed

        * Support IBM xlC compiler

        * New algorithms

          * Connectivity related algorithms (#61)

          * Euler walks (#65)

          * Preflow push-relabel max. flow algorithm (#176)

          * Circulation algorithm (push-relabel based) (#175)

          * Suurballe algorithm (#47)

          * Gomory-Hu algorithm (#66)

          * Hao-Orlin algorithm (#58)

          * Edmond's maximum cardinality and weighted matching algorithms

            in general graphs (#48,#265)

          * Minimum cost arborescence/branching (#60)

          * Network Simplex min. cost flow algorithm (#234)

        * New data structures

          * Full graph structure (#57)

          * Grid graph structure (#57)

          * Hypercube graph structure (#57)

          * Graph adaptors (#67)

          * ArcSet and EdgeSet classes (#67)

          * Elevator class (#174)

        * Other new tools

          * LP/MIP interface (#44)

            * Support for GLPK, CPLEX, Soplex, COIN-OR CLP and CBC

          * Reader for the Nauty file format (#55)

          * DIMACS readers (#167)

          * Radix sort algorithms (#72)

          * RangeIdMap and CrossRefMap (#160)

        * New command line tools

          * DIMACS to LGF converter (#182)

          * lgf-gen - a graph generator (#45)

          * DIMACS solver utility (#226)

        * Other code improvements

          * Lognormal distribution added to Random (#102)

          * Better (i.e. O(1) time) item counting in SmartGraph (#3)

          * The standard maps of graphs are guaranteed to be

            reference maps (#190)

        * Miscellaneous

          * Various doc improvements

          * Improved 0.x -> 1.x converter script

        * Several bugfixes (compared to release 1.0):

          #170: Bugfix SmartDigraph::split()

          #171: Bugfix in SmartGraph::restoreSnapshot()

          #172: Extended test cases for graphs and digraphs

          #173: Bugfix in Random

                * operator()s always return a double now

                * the faulty real<Num>(Num) and real<Num>(Num,Num)

                  have been removed

          #187: Remove DijkstraWidestPathOperationTraits

          #61:  Bugfix in DfsVisit

          #193: Bugfix in GraphReader::skipSection()

          #195: Bugfix in ConEdgeIt()

          #197: Bugfix in heap unionfind

                * This bug affects Edmond's general matching algorithms

          #207: Fix 'make install' without 'make html' using CMAKE

          #208: Suppress or fix VS2008 compilation warnings

          ----: Update the LEMON icon

          ----: Enable the component-based installer

                (in installers made by CPACK)

          ----: Set the proper version for CMAKE in the tarballs

                (made by autotools)

          ----: Minor clarification in the LICENSE file

          ----: Add missing unistd.h include to time_measure.h

          #204: Compilation bug fixed in graph_to_eps.h with VS2005

          #230: Build systems check the availability of 'long long' type

          #229: Default implementation of Tolerance<> is used for integer types

          #211,#212: Various fixes for compiling on AIX

          ----: Improvements in CMAKE config

                - docs is installed in share/doc/

                - detects newer versions of Ghostscript

          #239: Fix missing 'inline' specifier in time_measure.h

          #274,#280: Install lemon/config.h

          #275: Prefix macro names with LEMON_ in lemon/config.h

          ----: Small script for making the release tarballs added

          ----: Minor improvement in unify-sources.sh (a76f55d7d397)

2009-03-27 LEMON joins to the COIN-OR initiative

        COIN-OR (Computational Infrastructure for Operations Research,

        http://www.coin-or.org) project is an initiative to spur the

        development of open-source software for the operations research

        community.

2008-10-13 Version 1.0 released

          Migration Guide in the doc for more details)

          * Graph -> Digraph, UGraph -> Graph

          * Edge -> Arc, UEdge -> Edge

          * Concepts

              concepts/graph_components.h)

              (lgf_reader.h, lgf_writer.h)

            * tools to handle the anomalies of calculations with

            * tools to manage RGB colors (color.h)

latter one needs further explanation. Graph adaptors are graph classes

which serve for considering graph structures in different ways.

A short example makes this much clearer.  Suppose that we have an

instance \c g of a directed graph type, say ListDigraph and an algorithm

\code

template <typename Digraph>

int algorithm(const Digraph&);

\endcode

is needed to run on the reverse oriented graph.  It may be expensive

(in time or in memory usage) to copy \c g with the reversed

arcs.  In this case, an adaptor class is used, which (according

to LEMON \ref concepts::Digraph "digraph concepts") works as a digraph.

The adaptor uses the original digraph structure and digraph operations when

methods of the reversed oriented graph are called.  This means that the adaptor

have minor memory usage, and do not perform sophisticated algorithmic

actions.  The purpose of it is to give a tool for the cases when a

graph have to be used in a specific alteration.  If this alteration is

obtained by a usual construction like filtering the node or the arc set or

considering a new orientation, then an adaptor is worthwhile to use.

To come back to the reverse oriented graph, in this situation

\code

template<typename Digraph> class ReverseDigraph;

\endcode

template class can be used. The code looks as follows

\code

ListDigraph g;

ReverseDigraph<ListDigraph> rg(g);

int result = algorithm(rg);

\endcode

During running the algorithm, the original digraph \c g is untouched.

This techniques give rise to an elegant code, and based on stable

graph adaptors, complex algorithms can be implemented easily.

In flow, circulation and matching problems, the residual

graph is of particular importance. Combining an adaptor implementing

this with shortest path algorithms or minimum mean cycle algorithms,

a range of weighted and cardinality optimization algorithms can be

obtained. For other examples, the interested user is referred to the

detailed documentation of particular adaptors.

The behavior of graph adaptors can be very different. Some of them keep

capabilities of the original graph while in other cases this would be

meaningless. This means that the concepts that they meet depend

on the graph adaptor, and the wrapped graph.

For example, if an arc of a reversed digraph is deleted, this is carried

out by deleting the corresponding arc of the original digraph, thus the

adaptor modifies the original digraph.

However in case of a residual digraph, this operation has no sense.

Let us stand one more example here to simplify your work.

ReverseDigraph has constructor

\code

ReverseDigraph(Digraph& digraph);

\endcode

This means that in a situation, when a <tt>const %ListDigraph&</tt>

reference to a graph is given, then it have to be instantiated with

<tt>Digraph=const %ListDigraph</tt>.

\code

int algorithm1(const ListDigraph& g) {

  ReverseDigraph<const ListDigraph> rg(g);

  return algorithm2(rg);

}

\endcode

*/

/**

@defgroup maps Maps

@ingroup datas

\brief Map structures implemented in LEMON.

This group contains the map structures implemented in LEMON.

LEMON provides several special purpose maps and map adaptors that e.g. combine

new maps from existing ones.

<b>See also:</b> \ref map_concepts "Map Concepts".

*/

/**

@defgroup graph_maps Graph Maps

@ingroup maps

\brief Special graph-related maps.

This group contains maps that are specifically designed to assign

values to the nodes and arcs/edges of graphs.

If you are looking for the standard graph maps (\c NodeMap, \c ArcMap,

\c EdgeMap), see the \ref graph_concepts "Graph Structure Concepts".

*/

/**

\defgroup map_adaptors Map Adaptors

\ingroup maps

\brief Tools to create new maps from existing ones

This group contains map adaptors that are used to create "implicit"

maps from other maps.

Most of them are \ref concepts::ReadMap "read-only maps".

They can make arithmetic and logical operations between one or two maps

(negation, shifting, addition, multiplication, logical 'and', 'or',

'not' etc.) or e.g. convert a map to another one of different Value type.

The typical usage of this classes is passing implicit maps to

algorithms.  If a function type algorithm is called then the function

type map adaptors can be used comfortable. For example let's see the

usage of map adaptors with the \c graphToEps() function.

\code

  Color nodeColor(int deg) {

    if (deg >= 2) {

      return Color(0.5, 0.0, 0.5);

    } else if (deg == 1) {

      return Color(1.0, 0.5, 1.0);

    } else {

      return Color(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);

    }

  }

  Digraph::NodeMap<int> degree_map(graph);

  graphToEps(graph, "graph.eps")

    .coords(coords).scaleToA4().undirected()

    .nodeColors(composeMap(functorToMap(nodeColor), degree_map))

    .run();

\endcode

The \c functorToMap() function makes an \c int to \c Color map from the

\c nodeColor() function. The \c composeMap() compose the \c degree_map

and the previously created map. The composed map is a proper function to

get the color of each node.

The usage with class type algorithms is little bit harder. In this

case the function type map adaptors can not be used, because the

function map adaptors give back temporary objects.

\code

  Digraph graph;

  typedef Digraph::ArcMap<double> DoubleArcMap;

  DoubleArcMap length(graph);

  DoubleArcMap speed(graph);

  typedef DivMap<DoubleArcMap, DoubleArcMap> TimeMap;

  TimeMap time(length, speed);

  Dijkstra<Digraph, TimeMap> dijkstra(graph, time);

  dijkstra.run(source, target);

\endcode

We have a length map and a maximum speed map on the arcs of a digraph.

The minimum time to pass the arc can be calculated as the division of

the two maps which can be done implicitly with the \c DivMap template

class. We use the implicit minimum time map as the length map of the

\c Dijkstra algorithm.

*/

/**

@defgroup paths Path Structures

@ingroup datas

\brief %Path structures implemented in LEMON.

This group contains the path structures implemented in LEMON.

LEMON provides flexible data structures to work with paths.

All of them have similar interfaces and they can be copied easily with

assignment operators and copy constructors. This makes it easy and

efficient to have e.g. the Dijkstra algorithm to store its result in

any kind of path structure.

\sa \ref concepts::Path "Path concept"

*/

/**

@defgroup heaps Heap Structures

@ingroup datas

\brief %Heap structures implemented in LEMON.

This group contains the heap structures implemented in LEMON.

LEMON provides several heap classes. They are efficient implementations

of the abstract data type \e priority \e queue. They store items with

specified values called \e priorities in such a way that finding and

removing the item with minimum priority are efficient.

The basic operations are adding and erasing items, changing the priority

of an item, etc.

Heaps are crucial in several algorithms, such as Dijkstra and Prim.

The heap implementations have the same interface, thus any of them can be

used easily in such algorithms.

\sa \ref concepts::Heap "Heap concept"

*/

/**

@defgroup auxdat Auxiliary Data Structures

@ingroup datas

\brief Auxiliary data structures implemented in LEMON.

This group contains some data structures implemented in LEMON in

order to make it easier to implement combinatorial algorithms.

*/

/**

@defgroup geomdat Geometric Data Structures

@ingroup auxdat

\brief Geometric data structures implemented in LEMON.

This group contains geometric data structures implemented in LEMON.

 - \ref lemon::dim2::Point "dim2::Point" implements a two dimensional

   vector with the usual operations.

 - \ref lemon::dim2::Box "dim2::Box" can be used to determine the

   rectangular bounding box of a set of \ref lemon::dim2::Point

   "dim2::Point"'s.

*/

/**

@defgroup algs Algorithms

\brief This group contains the several algorithms

implemented in LEMON.

This group contains the several algorithms

implemented in LEMON.

*/

/**

@defgroup search Graph Search

@ingroup algs

\brief Common graph search algorithms.

This group contains the common graph search algorithms, namely

\e breadth-first \e search (BFS) and \e depth-first \e search (DFS)

\ref clrs01algorithms.

*/

/**

@defgroup shortest_path Shortest Path Algorithms

@ingroup algs

\brief Algorithms for finding shortest paths.

This group contains the algorithms for finding shortest paths in digraphs

\ref clrs01algorithms.

 - \ref Dijkstra algorithm for finding shortest paths from a source node

   when all arc lengths are non-negative.

 - \ref BellmanFord "Bellman-Ford" algorithm for finding shortest paths

   from a source node when arc lenghts can be either positive or negative,

   but the digraph should not contain directed cycles with negative total

   length.

 - \ref Suurballe A successive shortest path algorithm for finding

   arc-disjoint paths between two nodes having minimum total length.

*/

/**

@defgroup spantree Minimum Spanning Tree Algorithms

@ingroup algs

\brief Algorithms for finding minimum cost spanning trees and arborescences.

This group contains the algorithms for finding minimum cost spanning

trees and arborescences \ref clrs01algorithms.

*/

/**

@defgroup max_flow Maximum Flow Algorithms

@ingroup algs

\brief Algorithms for finding maximum flows.

This group contains the algorithms for finding maximum flows and

feasible circulations \ref clrs01algorithms, \ref amo93networkflows.

The \e maximum \e flow \e problem is to find a flow of maximum value between

a single source and a single target. Formally, there is a \f$G=(V,A)\f$

digraph, a \f$cap: A\rightarrow\mathbf{R}^+_0\f$ capacity function and

\f$s, t \in V\f$ source and target nodes.

A maximum flow is an \f$f: A\rightarrow\mathbf{R}^+_0\f$ solution of the

following optimization problem.

\f[ \max\sum_{sv\in A} f(sv) - \sum_{vs\in A} f(vs) \f]

\f[ \sum_{uv\in A} f(uv) = \sum_{vu\in A} f(vu)

    \quad \forall u\in V\setminus\{s,t\} \f]

\f[ 0 \leq f(uv) \leq cap(uv) \quad \forall uv\in A \f]

\ref Preflow is an efficient implementation of Goldberg-Tarjan's

preflow push-relabel algorithm \ref goldberg88newapproach for finding

maximum flows. It also provides functions to query the minimum cut,

which is the dual problem of maximum flow.

\ref Circulation is a preflow push-relabel algorithm implemented directly

for finding feasible circulations, which is a somewhat different problem,

but it is strongly related to maximum flow.

For more information, see \ref Circulation.

*/

/**

@defgroup min_cost_flow_algs Minimum Cost Flow Algorithms

@ingroup algs

\brief Algorithms for finding minimum cost flows and circulations.

This group contains the algorithms for finding minimum cost flows and

circulations \ref amo93networkflows. For more information about this

problem and its dual solution, see \ref min_cost_flow

"Minimum Cost Flow Problem".

LEMON contains several algorithms for this problem.

 - \ref NetworkSimplex Primal Network Simplex algorithm with various

   pivot strategies \ref dantzig63linearprog, \ref kellyoneill91netsimplex.

 - \ref CostScaling Cost Scaling algorithm based on push/augment and

   relabel operations \ref goldberg90approximation, \ref goldberg97efficient,

   \ref bunnagel98efficient.

 - \ref CapacityScaling Capacity Scaling algorithm based on the successive

   shortest path method \ref edmondskarp72theoretical.

 - \ref CycleCanceling Cycle-Canceling algorithms, two of which are

   strongly polynomial \ref klein67primal, \ref goldberg89cyclecanceling.

In general NetworkSimplex is the most efficient implementation,

but in special cases other algorithms could be faster.

For example, if the total supply and/or capacities are rather small,

CapacityScaling is usually the fastest algorithm (without effective scaling).

*/

/**

@defgroup min_cut Minimum Cut Algorithms

@ingroup algs

\brief Algorithms for finding minimum cut in graphs.

This group contains the algorithms for finding minimum cut in graphs.

The \e minimum \e cut \e problem is to find a non-empty and non-complete

\f$X\f$ subset of the nodes with minimum overall capacity on

outgoing arcs. Formally, there is a \f$G=(V,A)\f$ digraph, a

\f$cap: A\rightarrow\mathbf{R}^+_0\f$ capacity function. The minimum

cut is the \f$X\f$ solution of the next optimization problem:

\f[ \min_{X \subset V, X\not\in \{\emptyset, V\}}

    \sum_{uv\in A: u\in X, v\not\in X}cap(uv) \f]

LEMON contains several algorithms related to minimum cut problems:

- \ref HaoOrlin "Hao-Orlin algorithm" for calculating minimum cut

  in directed graphs.

- \ref GomoryHu "Gomory-Hu tree computation" for calculating

  all-pairs minimum cut in undirected graphs.

If you want to find minimum cut just between two distinict nodes,

see the \ref max_flow "maximum flow problem".

*/

/**

@defgroup min_mean_cycle Minimum Mean Cycle Algorithms

@ingroup algs

\brief Algorithms for finding minimum mean cycles.

This group contains the algorithms for finding minimum mean cycles

\ref clrs01algorithms, \ref amo93networkflows.

The \e minimum \e mean \e cycle \e problem is to find a directed cycle

of minimum mean length (cost) in a digraph.

The mean length of a cycle is the average length of its arcs, i.e. the

ratio between the total length of the cycle and the number of arcs on it.

This problem has an important connection to \e conservative \e length

\e functions, too. A length function on the arcs of a digraph is called

conservative if and only if there is no directed cycle of negative total

length. For an arbitrary length function, the negative of the minimum

cycle mean is the smallest \f$\epsilon\f$ value so that increasing the

arc lengths uniformly by \f$\epsilon\f$ results in a conservative length

function.

LEMON contains three algorithms for solving the minimum mean cycle problem:

  \ref dasdan98minmeancycle.

  version of Karp's algorithm \ref dasdan98minmeancycle.

  \ref dasdan98minmeancycle.

*/

/**

@defgroup matching Matching Algorithms

@ingroup algs

\brief Algorithms for finding matchings in graphs and bipartite graphs.

This group contains the algorithms for calculating

matchings in graphs and bipartite graphs. The general matching problem is

finding a subset of the edges for which each node has at most one incident

edge.

There are several different algorithms for calculate matchings in

graphs.  The matching problems in bipartite graphs are generally

easier than in general graphs. The goal of the matching optimization

can be finding maximum cardinality, maximum weight or minimum cost

matching. The search can be constrained to find perfect or

maximum cardinality matching.

The matching algorithms implemented in LEMON:

- \ref MaxMatching Edmond's blossom shrinking algorithm for calculating

  maximum cardinality matching in general graphs.

- \ref MaxWeightedMatching Edmond's blossom shrinking algorithm for calculating

  maximum weighted matching in general graphs.

- \ref MaxWeightedPerfectMatching

  Edmond's blossom shrinking algorithm for calculating maximum weighted

  perfect matching in general graphs.

- \ref MaxFractionalMatching Push-relabel algorithm for calculating

  maximum cardinality fractional matching in general graphs.

- \ref MaxWeightedFractionalMatching Augmenting path algorithm for calculating

  maximum weighted fractional matching in general graphs.

- \ref MaxWeightedPerfectFractionalMatching

  Augmenting path algorithm for calculating maximum weighted

  perfect fractional matching in general graphs.

\image html matching.png

\image latex matching.eps "Min Cost Perfect Matching" width=\textwidth

*/

/**

@defgroup graph_properties Connectivity and Other Graph Properties

@ingroup algs

\brief Algorithms for discovering the graph properties

This group contains the algorithms for discovering the graph properties

like connectivity, bipartiteness, euler property, simplicity etc.

\image html connected_components.png

\image latex connected_components.eps "Connected components" width=\textwidth

*/

/**

@defgroup planar Planarity Embedding and Drawing

@ingroup algs

\brief Algorithms for planarity checking, embedding and drawing

This group contains the algorithms for planarity checking,

embedding and drawing.

\image html planar.png

\image latex planar.eps "Plane graph" width=\textwidth

*/

/**

@defgroup auxalg Auxiliary Algorithms

@ingroup algs

\brief Auxiliary algorithms implemented in LEMON.

This group contains some algorithms implemented in LEMON

in order to make it easier to implement complex algorithms.

*/

/**

@defgroup gen_opt_group General Optimization Tools

\brief This group contains some general optimization frameworks

implemented in LEMON.

This group contains some general optimization frameworks

implemented in LEMON.

*/

/**

@defgroup lp_group LP and MIP Solvers

@ingroup gen_opt_group

\brief LP and MIP solver interfaces for LEMON.

This group contains LP and MIP solver interfaces for LEMON.

Various LP solvers could be used in the same manner with this

high-level interface.

The currently supported solvers are \ref glpk, \ref clp, \ref cbc,

\ref cplex, \ref soplex.

*/

/**

@defgroup utils Tools and Utilities

\brief Tools and utilities for programming in LEMON

Tools and utilities for programming in LEMON.

*/

/**

@defgroup gutils Basic Graph Utilities

@ingroup utils

\brief Simple basic graph utilities.

This group contains some simple basic graph utilities.

*/

/**

@defgroup misc Miscellaneous Tools

@ingroup utils

\brief Tools for development, debugging and testing.

This group contains several useful tools for development,

debugging and testing.

*/

/**

@defgroup timecount Time Measuring and Counting

@ingroup misc

\brief Simple tools for measuring the performance of algorithms.

This group contains simple tools for measuring the performance

of algorithms.

*/

/**

@defgroup exceptions Exceptions

@ingroup utils

\brief Exceptions defined in LEMON.

This group contains the exceptions defined in LEMON.

*/

/**

@defgroup io_group Input-Output

\brief Graph Input-Output methods

This group contains the tools for importing and exporting graphs

and graph related data. Now it supports the \ref lgf-format

"LEMON Graph Format", the \c DIMACS format and the encapsulated

postscript (EPS) format.

*/

/**

@defgroup lemon_io LEMON Graph Format

@ingroup io_group

\brief Reading and writing LEMON Graph Format.

This group contains methods for reading and writing

\ref lgf-format "LEMON Graph Format".

*/

/**

@defgroup eps_io Postscript Exporting

@ingroup io_group

\brief General \c EPS drawer and graph exporter

This group contains general \c EPS drawing methods and special

graph exporting tools.

*/

/**

@defgroup dimacs_group DIMACS Format

@ingroup io_group

\brief Read and write files in DIMACS format

Tools to read a digraph from or write it to a file in DIMACS format data.

*/

/**

@defgroup nauty_group NAUTY Format

@ingroup io_group

\brief Read \e Nauty format

Tool to read graphs from \e Nauty format data.

*/

/**

@defgroup concept Concepts

\brief Skeleton classes and concept checking classes

This group contains the data/algorithm skeletons and concept checking

classes implemented in LEMON.

The purpose of the classes in this group is fourfold.

- These classes contain the documentations of the %concepts. In order

  to avoid document multiplications, an implementation of a concept

  simply refers to the corresponding concept class.

/* -*- mode: C++; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-

 *

 * This file is a part of LEMON, a generic C++ optimization library.

 *

 * Copyright (C) 2003-2010

 * Egervary Jeno Kombinatorikus Optimalizalasi Kutatocsoport

 * (Egervary Research Group on Combinatorial Optimization, EGRES).

 *

 * Permission to use, modify and distribute this software is granted

 * provided that this copyright notice appears in all copies. For

 * precise terms see the accompanying LICENSE file.

 *

 * This software is provided "AS IS" with no warranty of any kind,

 * express or implied, and with no claim as to its suitability for any

 * purpose.

 *

 */

#ifndef LEMON_ARG_PARSER_H

#define LEMON_ARG_PARSER_H

#include <vector>

#include <map>

#include <list>

#include <string>

#include <iostream>

#include <sstream>

#include <algorithm>

#include <lemon/assert.h>

///\ingroup misc

///\file

///\brief A tool to parse command line arguments.

namespace lemon {

  ///Exception used by ArgParser

  class ArgParserException : public Exception {

  public:

    enum Reason {

    };

  private:

    Reason _reason;

  public:

    ///Constructor

    ArgParserException(Reason r) throw() : _reason(r) {}

    ///Virtual destructor

    virtual ~ArgParserException() throw() {}

    ///A short description of the exception

    virtual const char* what() const throw() {

      switch(_reason)

        {

        case HELP:

          return "lemon::ArgParseException: ask for help";

          break;

        case UNKNOWN_OPT:

          return "lemon::ArgParseException: unknown option";

          break;

        case INVALID_OPT:

          return "lemon::ArgParseException: invalid combination of options";

          break;

        }

      return "";

    }

    ///Return the reason for the failure

    Reason reason() const {return _reason; }

  };

  ///Command line arguments parser

  ///\ingroup misc

  ///Command line arguments parser.

  ///

  ///For a complete example see the \ref arg_parser_demo.cc demo file.

  class ArgParser {

    static void _showHelp(void *p);

  protected:

    int _argc;

    const char * const *_argv;

    enum OptType { UNKNOWN=0, BOOL=1, STRING=2, DOUBLE=3, INTEGER=4, FUNC=5 };

    class ParData {

    public:

      union {

        bool *bool_p;

        int *int_p;

        double *double_p;

        std::string *string_p;

        struct {

          void (*p)(void *);

          void *data;

        } func_p;

      };

      std::string help;

      bool mandatory;

      OptType type;

      bool set;

      bool ingroup;

      bool has_syn;

      bool syn;

      bool self_delete;

      ParData() : mandatory(false), type(UNKNOWN), set(false), ingroup(false),

                  has_syn(false), syn(false), self_delete(false) {}

    };

    typedef std::map<std::string,ParData> Opts;

    Opts _opts;

    class GroupData

    {

    public:

      typedef std::list<std::string> Opts;

      Opts opts;

      bool only_one;

      bool mandatory;

      GroupData() :only_one(false), mandatory(false) {}

    };

    typedef std::map<std::string,GroupData> Groups;

    Groups _groups;

    struct OtherArg

    {

      std::string name;

      std::string help;

      OtherArg(std::string n, std::string h) :name(n), help(h) {}

    };

    std::vector<OtherArg> _others_help;

    std::vector<std::string> _file_args;

    std::string _command_name;

  private:

    //Bind a function to an option.

    //\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.

    //\param help A help string.

    //\retval func The function to be called when the option is given. It

    //  must be of type "void f(void *)"

    //\param data Data to be passed to \c func

    ArgParser &funcOption(const std::string &name,

                    const std::string &help,

                    void (*func)(void *),void *data);

    bool _exit_on_problems;

    void _terminate(ArgParserException::Reason reason) const;

  public:

    ///Constructor

    ArgParser(int argc, const char * const *argv);

    ~ArgParser();

    ///\name Options

    ///

    ///@{

    ///Add a new integer type option

    ///Add a new integer type option.

    ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.

    ///\param help A help string.

    ///\param value A default value for the option.

    ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.

    ArgParser &intOption(const std::string &name,

                    const std::string &help,

                    int value=0, bool obl=false);

    ///Add a new floating point type option

    ///Add a new floating point type option.

    ///\param name The name of the option. The leading '-' must be omitted.

    ///\param help A help string.

    ///\param value A default value for the option.

    ///\param obl Indicate if the option is mandatory.

    ArgParser &doubleOption(const std::string &name,

                      const std::string &help,

                      double value=0, bool obl=false);

    ///Add a new bool type option