1 | /* -*- C++ -*- |
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2 | * src/lemon/dijkstra.h - Part of LEMON, a generic C++ optimization library |
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3 | * |
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4 | * Copyright (C) 2004 Egervary Jeno Kombinatorikus Optimalizalasi Kutatocsoport |
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5 | * (Egervary Combinatorial Optimization Research Group, EGRES). |
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6 | * |
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7 | * Permission to use, modify and distribute this software is granted |
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8 | * provided that this copyright notice appears in all copies. For |
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9 | * precise terms see the accompanying LICENSE file. |
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10 | * |
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11 | * This software is provided "AS IS" with no warranty of any kind, |
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12 | * express or implied, and with no claim as to its suitability for any |
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13 | * purpose. |
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14 | * |
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15 | */ |
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16 | |
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17 | #ifndef LEMON_DIJKSTRA_H |
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18 | #define LEMON_DIJKSTRA_H |
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19 | |
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20 | ///\ingroup flowalgs |
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21 | ///\file |
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22 | ///\brief Dijkstra algorithm. |
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23 | |
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24 | #include <lemon/list_graph.h> |
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25 | #include <lemon/bin_heap.h> |
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26 | #include <lemon/invalid.h> |
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27 | |
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28 | namespace lemon { |
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29 | |
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30 | /// \addtogroup flowalgs |
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31 | /// @{ |
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32 | |
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33 | ///Default traits class of Dijkstra class. |
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34 | |
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35 | ///Default traits class of Dijkstra class. |
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36 | ///\param GR Graph type. |
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37 | ///\param LM Type of length map. |
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38 | template<class GR, class LM> |
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39 | struct DijkstraDefaultTraits |
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40 | { |
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41 | ///The graph type the algorithm runs on. |
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42 | typedef GR Graph; |
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43 | ///The type of the map that stores the edge lengths. |
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44 | |
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45 | ///It must meet the \ref concept::ReadMap "ReadMap" concept. |
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46 | /// |
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47 | typedef LM LengthMap; |
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48 | //The type of the length of the edges. |
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49 | typedef typename LM::Value Value; |
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50 | ///The heap type used by Dijkstra algorithm. |
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51 | |
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52 | ///The heap type used by Dijkstra algorithm. |
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53 | /// |
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54 | ///\sa BinHeap |
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55 | ///\sa Dijkstra |
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56 | typedef BinHeap<typename Graph::Node, |
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57 | typename LM::Value, |
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58 | typename GR::template NodeMap<int>, |
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59 | std::less<Value> > Heap; |
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60 | |
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61 | ///\brief The type of the map that stores the last |
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62 | ///edges of the shortest paths. |
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63 | /// |
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64 | ///It must meet the \ref concept::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept. |
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65 | /// |
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66 | typedef typename Graph::template NodeMap<typename GR::Edge> PredMap; |
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67 | ///Instantiates a PredMap. |
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68 | |
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69 | ///\todo Please document... |
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70 | /// |
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71 | static PredMap *createPredMap(const GR &G) |
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72 | { |
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73 | return new PredMap(G); |
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74 | } |
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75 | ///\brief The type of the map that stores the last but one |
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76 | ///nodes of the shortest paths. |
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77 | /// |
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78 | ///It must meet the \ref concept::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept. |
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79 | /// |
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80 | typedef typename Graph::template NodeMap<typename GR::Node> PredNodeMap; |
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81 | ///Instantiates a PredNodeMap. |
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82 | |
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83 | ///\todo Please document... |
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84 | /// |
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85 | static PredNodeMap *createPredNodeMap(const GR &G) |
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86 | { |
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87 | return new PredNodeMap(G); |
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88 | } |
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89 | ///The type of the map that stores the dists of the nodes. |
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90 | |
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91 | ///It must meet the \ref concept::WriteMap "WriteMap" concept. |
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92 | /// |
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93 | typedef typename Graph::template NodeMap<typename LM::Value> DistMap; |
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94 | ///Instantiates a DistMap. |
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95 | |
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96 | ///\todo Please document... |
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97 | /// |
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98 | static DistMap *createDistMap(const GR &G) |
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99 | { |
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100 | return new DistMap(G); |
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101 | } |
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102 | }; |
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103 | |
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104 | ///%Dijkstra algorithm class. |
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105 | |
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106 | ///This class provides an efficient implementation of %Dijkstra algorithm. |
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107 | ///The edge lengths are passed to the algorithm using a |
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108 | ///\ref concept::ReadMap "ReadMap", |
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109 | ///so it is easy to change it to any kind of length. |
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110 | /// |
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111 | ///The type of the length is determined by the |
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112 | ///\ref concept::ReadMap::Value "Value" of the length map. |
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113 | /// |
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114 | ///It is also possible to change the underlying priority heap. |
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115 | /// |
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116 | ///\param GR The graph type the algorithm runs on. The default value is |
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117 | ///\ref ListGraph. The value of GR is not used directly by Dijkstra, it |
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118 | ///is only passed to \ref DijkstraDefaultTraits. |
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119 | ///\param LM This read-only |
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120 | ///EdgeMap |
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121 | ///determines the |
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122 | ///lengths of the edges. It is read once for each edge, so the map |
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123 | ///may involve in relatively time consuming process to compute the edge |
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124 | ///length if it is necessary. The default map type is |
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125 | ///\ref concept::StaticGraph::EdgeMap "Graph::EdgeMap<int>". |
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126 | ///The value of LM is not used directly by Dijkstra, it |
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127 | ///is only passed to \ref DijkstraDefaultTraits. |
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128 | ///\param TR Traits class to set various data types used by the algorithm. |
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129 | ///The default traits class is |
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130 | ///\ref DijkstraDefaultTraits "DijkstraDefaultTraits<GR,LM>". |
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131 | ///See \ref DijkstraDefaultTraits for the documentation of |
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132 | ///a Dijkstra traits class. |
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133 | /// |
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134 | ///\author Jacint Szabo and Alpar Juttner |
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135 | ///\todo We need a typedef-names should be standardized. (-: |
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136 | |
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137 | #ifdef DOXYGEN |
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138 | template <typename GR, |
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139 | typename LM, |
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140 | typename TR> |
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141 | #else |
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142 | template <typename GR=ListGraph, |
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143 | typename LM=typename GR::template EdgeMap<int>, |
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144 | typename TR=DijkstraDefaultTraits<GR,LM> > |
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145 | #endif |
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146 | class Dijkstra{ |
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147 | public: |
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148 | typedef TR Traits; |
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149 | ///The type of the underlying graph. |
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150 | typedef typename TR::Graph Graph; |
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151 | ///\e |
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152 | typedef typename Graph::Node Node; |
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153 | ///\e |
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154 | typedef typename Graph::NodeIt NodeIt; |
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155 | ///\e |
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156 | typedef typename Graph::Edge Edge; |
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157 | ///\e |
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158 | typedef typename Graph::OutEdgeIt OutEdgeIt; |
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159 | |
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160 | ///The type of the length of the edges. |
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161 | typedef typename TR::LengthMap::Value Value; |
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162 | ///The type of the map that stores the edge lengths. |
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163 | typedef typename TR::LengthMap LengthMap; |
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164 | ///\brief The type of the map that stores the last |
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165 | ///edges of the shortest paths. |
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166 | typedef typename TR::PredMap PredMap; |
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167 | ///\brief The type of the map that stores the last but one |
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168 | ///nodes of the shortest paths. |
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169 | typedef typename TR::PredNodeMap PredNodeMap; |
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170 | ///The type of the map that stores the dists of the nodes. |
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171 | typedef typename TR::DistMap DistMap; |
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172 | ///The heap type used by the dijkstra algorithm. |
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173 | typedef typename TR::Heap Heap; |
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174 | private: |
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175 | /// Pointer to the underlying graph. |
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176 | const Graph *G; |
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177 | /// Pointer to the length map |
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178 | const LengthMap *length; |
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179 | ///Pointer to the map of predecessors edges. |
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180 | PredMap *predecessor; |
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181 | ///Indicates if \ref predecessor is locally allocated (\c true) or not. |
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182 | bool local_predecessor; |
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183 | ///Pointer to the map of predecessors nodes. |
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184 | PredNodeMap *pred_node; |
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185 | ///Indicates if \ref pred_node is locally allocated (\c true) or not. |
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186 | bool local_pred_node; |
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187 | ///Pointer to the map of distances. |
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188 | DistMap *distance; |
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189 | ///Indicates if \ref distance is locally allocated (\c true) or not. |
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190 | bool local_distance; |
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191 | |
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192 | ///The source node of the last execution. |
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193 | Node source; |
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194 | |
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195 | ///Initializes the maps. |
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196 | |
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197 | ///\todo Error if \c G or are \c NULL. What about \c length? |
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198 | ///\todo Better memory allocation (instead of new). |
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199 | void init_maps() |
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200 | { |
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201 | if(!predecessor) { |
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202 | local_predecessor = true; |
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203 | predecessor = Traits::createPredMap(*G); |
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204 | } |
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205 | if(!pred_node) { |
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206 | local_pred_node = true; |
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207 | pred_node = Traits::createPredNodeMap(*G); |
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208 | } |
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209 | if(!distance) { |
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210 | local_distance = true; |
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211 | distance = Traits::createDistMap(*G); |
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212 | } |
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213 | } |
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214 | |
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215 | public : |
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216 | |
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217 | template <class T> |
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218 | struct SetPredMapTraits : public Traits { |
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219 | typedef T PredMap; |
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220 | ///\todo An exception should be thrown. |
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221 | /// |
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222 | static PredMap *createPredMap(const Graph &G) |
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223 | { |
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224 | std::cerr << __FILE__ ":" << __LINE__ << |
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225 | ": error: Special maps should be manually created" << std::endl; |
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226 | exit(1); |
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227 | } |
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228 | }; |
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229 | ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting PredMap type |
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230 | |
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231 | ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting PredMap type |
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232 | /// |
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233 | template <class T> |
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234 | class SetPredMap : public Dijkstra< Graph, |
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235 | LengthMap, |
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236 | SetPredMapTraits<T> > { }; |
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237 | |
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238 | template <class T> |
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239 | struct SetPredNodeMapTraits : public Traits { |
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240 | typedef T PredNodeMap; |
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241 | ///\todo An exception should be thrown. |
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242 | /// |
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243 | static PredNodeMap *createPredNodeMap(const Graph &G) |
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244 | { |
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245 | std::cerr << __FILE__ ":" << __LINE__ << |
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246 | ": error: Special maps should be manually created" << std::endl; |
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247 | exit(1); |
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248 | } |
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249 | }; |
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250 | ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting PredNodeMap type |
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251 | |
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252 | ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting PredNodeMap type |
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253 | /// |
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254 | template <class T> |
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255 | class SetPredNodeMap : public Dijkstra< Graph, |
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256 | LengthMap, |
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257 | SetPredNodeMapTraits<T> > { }; |
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258 | |
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259 | template <class T> |
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260 | struct SetDistMapTraits : public Traits { |
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261 | typedef T DistMap; |
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262 | ///\todo An exception should be thrown. |
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263 | /// |
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264 | static DistMap *createDistMap(const Graph &G) |
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265 | { |
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266 | std::cerr << __FILE__ ":" << __LINE__ << |
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267 | ": error: Special maps should be manually created" << std::endl; |
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268 | exit(1); |
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269 | } |
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270 | }; |
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271 | ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting DistMap type |
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272 | |
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273 | ///\ref named-templ-param "Named parameter" for setting DistMap type |
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274 | /// |
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275 | template <class T> |
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276 | class SetDistMap : public Dijkstra< Graph, |
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277 | LengthMap, |
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278 | SetDistMapTraits<T> > { }; |
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279 | |
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280 | ///Constructor. |
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281 | |
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282 | ///\param _G the graph the algorithm will run on. |
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283 | ///\param _length the length map used by the algorithm. |
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284 | Dijkstra(const Graph& _G, const LengthMap& _length) : |
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285 | G(&_G), length(&_length), |
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286 | predecessor(NULL), local_predecessor(false), |
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287 | pred_node(NULL), local_pred_node(false), |
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288 | distance(NULL), local_distance(false) |
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289 | { } |
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290 | |
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291 | ///Destructor. |
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292 | ~Dijkstra() |
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293 | { |
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294 | if(local_predecessor) delete predecessor; |
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295 | if(local_pred_node) delete pred_node; |
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296 | if(local_distance) delete distance; |
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297 | } |
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298 | |
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299 | ///Sets the length map. |
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300 | |
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301 | ///Sets the length map. |
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302 | ///\return <tt> (*this) </tt> |
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303 | Dijkstra &setLengthMap(const LengthMap &m) |
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304 | { |
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305 | length = &m; |
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306 | return *this; |
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307 | } |
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308 | |
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309 | ///Sets the map storing the predecessor edges. |
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310 | |
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311 | ///Sets the map storing the predecessor edges. |
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312 | ///If you don't use this function before calling \ref run(), |
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313 | ///it will allocate one. The destuctor deallocates this |
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314 | ///automatically allocated map, of course. |
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315 | ///\return <tt> (*this) </tt> |
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316 | Dijkstra &setPredMap(PredMap &m) |
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317 | { |
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318 | if(local_predecessor) { |
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319 | delete predecessor; |
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320 | local_predecessor=false; |
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321 | } |
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322 | predecessor = &m; |
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323 | return *this; |
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324 | } |
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325 | |
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326 | ///Sets the map storing the predecessor nodes. |
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327 | |
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328 | ///Sets the map storing the predecessor nodes. |
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329 | ///If you don't use this function before calling \ref run(), |
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330 | ///it will allocate one. The destuctor deallocates this |
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331 | ///automatically allocated map, of course. |
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332 | ///\return <tt> (*this) </tt> |
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333 | Dijkstra &setPredNodeMap(PredNodeMap &m) |
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334 | { |
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335 | if(local_pred_node) { |
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336 | delete pred_node; |
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337 | local_pred_node=false; |
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338 | } |
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339 | pred_node = &m; |
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340 | return *this; |
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341 | } |
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342 | |
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343 | ///Sets the map storing the distances calculated by the algorithm. |
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344 | |
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345 | ///Sets the map storing the distances calculated by the algorithm. |
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346 | ///If you don't use this function before calling \ref run(), |
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347 | ///it will allocate one. The destuctor deallocates this |
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348 | ///automatically allocated map, of course. |
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349 | ///\return <tt> (*this) </tt> |
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350 | Dijkstra &setDistMap(DistMap &m) |
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351 | { |
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352 | if(local_distance) { |
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353 | delete distance; |
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354 | local_distance=false; |
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355 | } |
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356 | distance = &m; |
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357 | return *this; |
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358 | } |
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359 | |
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360 | ///Runs %Dijkstra algorithm from node \c s. |
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361 | |
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362 | ///This method runs the %Dijkstra algorithm from a root node \c s |
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363 | ///in order to |
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364 | ///compute the |
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365 | ///shortest path to each node. The algorithm computes |
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366 | ///- The shortest path tree. |
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367 | ///- The distance of each node from the root. |
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368 | ///\todo heap_map's type could also be in the traits class. |
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369 | void run(Node s) { |
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370 | |
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371 | init_maps(); |
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372 | |
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373 | source = s; |
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374 | |
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375 | for ( NodeIt u(*G) ; u!=INVALID ; ++u ) { |
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376 | predecessor->set(u,INVALID); |
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377 | pred_node->set(u,INVALID); |
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378 | } |
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379 | |
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380 | typename Graph::template NodeMap<int> heap_map(*G,-1); |
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381 | |
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382 | Heap heap(heap_map); |
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383 | |
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384 | heap.push(s,0); |
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385 | |
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386 | while ( !heap.empty() ) { |
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387 | |
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388 | Node v=heap.top(); |
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389 | Value oldvalue=heap[v]; |
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390 | heap.pop(); |
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391 | distance->set(v, oldvalue); |
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392 | |
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393 | |
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394 | for(OutEdgeIt e(*G,v); e!=INVALID; ++e) { |
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395 | Node w=G->target(e); |
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396 | switch(heap.state(w)) { |
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397 | case Heap::PRE_HEAP: |
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398 | heap.push(w,oldvalue+(*length)[e]); |
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399 | predecessor->set(w,e); |
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400 | pred_node->set(w,v); |
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401 | break; |
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402 | case Heap::IN_HEAP: |
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403 | if ( oldvalue+(*length)[e] < heap[w] ) { |
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404 | heap.decrease(w, oldvalue+(*length)[e]); |
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405 | predecessor->set(w,e); |
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406 | pred_node->set(w,v); |
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407 | } |
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408 | break; |
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409 | case Heap::POST_HEAP: |
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410 | break; |
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411 | } |
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412 | } |
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413 | } |
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414 | } |
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415 | |
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416 | ///The distance of a node from the root. |
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417 | |
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418 | ///Returns the distance of a node from the root. |
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419 | ///\pre \ref run() must be called before using this function. |
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420 | ///\warning If node \c v in unreachable from the root the return value |
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421 | ///of this funcion is undefined. |
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422 | Value dist(Node v) const { return (*distance)[v]; } |
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423 | |
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424 | ///Returns the 'previous edge' of the shortest path tree. |
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425 | |
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426 | ///For a node \c v it returns the 'previous edge' of the shortest path tree, |
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427 | ///i.e. it returns the last edge of a shortest path from the root to \c |
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428 | ///v. It is \ref INVALID |
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429 | ///if \c v is unreachable from the root or if \c v=s. The |
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430 | ///shortest path tree used here is equal to the shortest path tree used in |
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431 | ///\ref predNode(Node v). \pre \ref run() must be called before using |
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432 | ///this function. |
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433 | ///\todo predEdge could be a better name. |
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434 | Edge pred(Node v) const { return (*predecessor)[v]; } |
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435 | |
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436 | ///Returns the 'previous node' of the shortest path tree. |
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437 | |
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438 | ///For a node \c v it returns the 'previous node' of the shortest path tree, |
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439 | ///i.e. it returns the last but one node from a shortest path from the |
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440 | ///root to \c /v. It is INVALID if \c v is unreachable from the root or if |
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441 | ///\c v=s. The shortest path tree used here is equal to the shortest path |
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442 | ///tree used in \ref pred(Node v). \pre \ref run() must be called before |
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443 | ///using this function. |
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444 | Node predNode(Node v) const { return (*pred_node)[v]; } |
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445 | |
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446 | ///Returns a reference to the NodeMap of distances. |
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447 | |
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448 | ///Returns a reference to the NodeMap of distances. \pre \ref run() must |
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449 | ///be called before using this function. |
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450 | const DistMap &distMap() const { return *distance;} |
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451 | |
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452 | ///Returns a reference to the shortest path tree map. |
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453 | |
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454 | ///Returns a reference to the NodeMap of the edges of the |
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455 | ///shortest path tree. |
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456 | ///\pre \ref run() must be called before using this function. |
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457 | const PredMap &predMap() const { return *predecessor;} |
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458 | |
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459 | ///Returns a reference to the map of nodes of shortest paths. |
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460 | |
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461 | ///Returns a reference to the NodeMap of the last but one nodes of the |
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462 | ///shortest path tree. |
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463 | ///\pre \ref run() must be called before using this function. |
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464 | const PredNodeMap &predNodeMap() const { return *pred_node;} |
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465 | |
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466 | ///Checks if a node is reachable from the root. |
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467 | |
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468 | ///Returns \c true if \c v is reachable from the root. |
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469 | ///\note The root node is reported to be reached! |
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470 | ///\pre \ref run() must be called before using this function. |
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471 | /// |
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472 | bool reached(Node v) { return v==source || (*predecessor)[v]!=INVALID; } |
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473 | |
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474 | }; |
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475 | |
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476 | ///\e |
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477 | |
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478 | ///\e |
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479 | /// |
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480 | template<class TR> |
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481 | class _Dijkstra |
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482 | { |
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483 | typedef TR Traits; |
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484 | |
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485 | ///The type of the underlying graph. |
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486 | typedef typename TR::Graph Graph; |
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487 | ///\e |
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488 | typedef typename Graph::Node Node; |
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489 | ///\e |
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490 | typedef typename Graph::NodeIt NodeIt; |
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491 | ///\e |
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492 | typedef typename Graph::Edge Edge; |
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493 | ///\e |
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494 | typedef typename Graph::OutEdgeIt OutEdgeIt; |
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495 | |
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496 | ///The type of the map that stores the edge lengths. |
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497 | typedef typename TR::LengthMap LengthMap; |
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498 | ///The type of the length of the edges. |
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499 | typedef typename LengthMap::Value Value; |
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500 | ///\brief The type of the map that stores the last |
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501 | ///edges of the shortest paths. |
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502 | typedef typename TR::PredMap PredMap; |
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503 | ///\brief The type of the map that stores the last but one |
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504 | ///nodes of the shortest paths. |
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505 | typedef typename TR::PredNodeMap PredNodeMap; |
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506 | ///The type of the map that stores the dists of the nodes. |
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507 | typedef typename TR::DistMap DistMap; |
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508 | |
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509 | ///The heap type used by the dijkstra algorithm. |
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510 | typedef typename TR::Heap Heap; |
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511 | |
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512 | /// Pointer to the underlying graph. |
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513 | const Graph *G; |
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514 | /// Pointer to the length map |
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515 | const LengthMap *length; |
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516 | ///Pointer to the map of predecessors edges. |
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517 | PredMap *predecessor; |
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518 | ///Pointer to the map of predecessors nodes. |
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519 | PredNodeMap *pred_node; |
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520 | ///Pointer to the map of distances. |
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521 | DistMap *distance; |
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522 | |
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523 | Node source; |
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524 | |
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525 | public: |
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526 | _Dijkstra() : G(0), length(0), predecessor(0), pred_node(0), |
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527 | distance(0), source(INVALID) {} |
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528 | |
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529 | _Dijkstra(const Graph &g,const LengthMap &l, Node s) : |
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530 | G(&g), length(&l), predecessor(0), pred_node(0), |
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531 | distance(0), source(s) {} |
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532 | |
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533 | ~_Dijkstra() |
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534 | { |
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535 | Dijkstra<Graph,LengthMap,TR> Dij(*G,*length); |
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536 | if(predecessor) Dij.setPredMap(*predecessor); |
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537 | if(pred_node) Dij.setPredNodeMap(*pred_node); |
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538 | if(distance) Dij.setDistMap(*distance); |
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539 | Dij.run(source); |
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540 | } |
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541 | |
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542 | template<class T> |
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543 | struct SetPredMapTraits : public Traits {typedef T PredMap;}; |
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544 | |
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545 | ///\e |
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546 | template<class T> |
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547 | _Dijkstra<SetPredMapTraits<T> > setPredMap(const T &t) |
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548 | { |
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549 | _Dijkstra<SetPredMapTraits<T> > r; |
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550 | r.G=G; |
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551 | r.length=length; |
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552 | r.predecessor=&t; |
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553 | r.pred_node=pred_node; |
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554 | r.distance=distance; |
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555 | r.source=source; |
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556 | return r; |
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557 | } |
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558 | |
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559 | template<class T> |
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560 | struct SetPredNodeMapTraits :public Traits {typedef T PredNodeMap;}; |
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561 | ///\e |
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562 | template<class T> |
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563 | _Dijkstra<SetPredNodeMapTraits<T> > setPredNodeMap(const T &t) |
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564 | { |
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565 | _Dijkstra<SetPredNodeMapTraits<T> > r; |
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566 | r.G=G; |
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567 | r.length=length; |
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568 | r.predecessor=predecessor; |
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569 | r.pred_node=&t; |
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570 | r.distance=distance; |
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571 | r.source=source; |
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572 | return r; |
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573 | } |
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574 | |
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575 | template<class T> |
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576 | struct SetDistMapTraits : public Traits {typedef T DistMap;}; |
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577 | ///\e |
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578 | template<class T> |
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579 | _Dijkstra<SetDistMapTraits<T> > setDistMap(const T &t) |
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580 | { |
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581 | _Dijkstra<SetPredMapTraits<T> > r; |
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582 | r.G=G; |
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583 | r.length=length; |
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584 | r.predecessor=predecessor; |
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585 | r.pred_node=pred_node; |
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586 | r.distance=&t; |
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587 | r.source=source; |
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588 | return r; |
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589 | } |
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590 | |
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591 | ///\e |
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592 | _Dijkstra<TR> &setSource(Node s) |
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593 | { |
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594 | source=s; |
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595 | return *this; |
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596 | } |
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597 | |
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598 | }; |
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599 | |
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600 | ///\e |
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601 | |
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602 | ///\todo Please document... |
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603 | /// |
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604 | template<class GR, class LM> |
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605 | _Dijkstra<DijkstraDefaultTraits<GR,LM> > |
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606 | dijkstra(const GR &g,const LM &l,typename GR::Node s) |
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607 | { |
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608 | return _Dijkstra<DijkstraDefaultTraits<GR,LM> >(g,l,s); |
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609 | } |
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610 | |
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611 | /// @} |
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612 | |
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613 | } //END OF NAMESPACE LEMON |
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614 | |
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615 | #endif |
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616 | |
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617 | |
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