COIN-OR::LEMON - Graph Library

source: lemon-1.2/doc/groups.dox @ 873:23da1b807280

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[209]1/* -*- mode: C++; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
[40]2 *
[209]3 * This file is a part of LEMON, a generic C++ optimization library.
[40]4 *
[440]5 * Copyright (C) 2003-2009
[40]6 * Egervary Jeno Kombinatorikus Optimalizalasi Kutatocsoport
7 * (Egervary Research Group on Combinatorial Optimization, EGRES).
8 *
9 * Permission to use, modify and distribute this software is granted
10 * provided that this copyright notice appears in all copies. For
11 * precise terms see the accompanying LICENSE file.
12 *
13 * This software is provided "AS IS" with no warranty of any kind,
14 * express or implied, and with no claim as to its suitability for any
15 * purpose.
16 *
17 */
18
[406]19namespace lemon {
20
[40]21/**
22@defgroup datas Data Structures
[559]23This group contains the several data structures implemented in LEMON.
[40]24*/
25
26/**
27@defgroup graphs Graph Structures
28@ingroup datas
29\brief Graph structures implemented in LEMON.
30
[209]31The implementation of combinatorial algorithms heavily relies on
32efficient graph implementations. LEMON offers data structures which are
33planned to be easily used in an experimental phase of implementation studies,
34and thereafter the program code can be made efficient by small modifications.
[40]35
36The most efficient implementation of diverse applications require the
37usage of different physical graph implementations. These differences
38appear in the size of graph we require to handle, memory or time usage
39limitations or in the set of operations through which the graph can be
40accessed.  LEMON provides several physical graph structures to meet
41the diverging requirements of the possible users.  In order to save on
42running time or on memory usage, some structures may fail to provide
[83]43some graph features like arc/edge or node deletion.
[40]44
[209]45Alteration of standard containers need a very limited number of
46operations, these together satisfy the everyday requirements.
47In the case of graph structures, different operations are needed which do
48not alter the physical graph, but gives another view. If some nodes or
[83]49arcs have to be hidden or the reverse oriented graph have to be used, then
[209]50this is the case. It also may happen that in a flow implementation
51the residual graph can be accessed by another algorithm, or a node-set
52is to be shrunk for another algorithm.
53LEMON also provides a variety of graphs for these requirements called
54\ref graph_adaptors "graph adaptors". Adaptors cannot be used alone but only
55in conjunction with other graph representations.
[40]56
57You are free to use the graph structure that fit your requirements
58the best, most graph algorithms and auxiliary data structures can be used
[314]59with any graph structure.
60
61<b>See also:</b> \ref graph_concepts "Graph Structure Concepts".
[40]62*/
63
64/**
[451]65@defgroup graph_adaptors Adaptor Classes for Graphs
[416]66@ingroup graphs
[451]67\brief Adaptor classes for digraphs and graphs
68
69This group contains several useful adaptor classes for digraphs and graphs.
[416]70
71The main parts of LEMON are the different graph structures, generic
[451]72graph algorithms, graph concepts, which couple them, and graph
[416]73adaptors. While the previous notions are more or less clear, the
74latter one needs further explanation. Graph adaptors are graph classes
75which serve for considering graph structures in different ways.
76
77A short example makes this much clearer.  Suppose that we have an
[451]78instance \c g of a directed graph type, say ListDigraph and an algorithm
[416]79\code
80template <typename Digraph>
81int algorithm(const Digraph&);
82\endcode
83is needed to run on the reverse oriented graph.  It may be expensive
84(in time or in memory usage) to copy \c g with the reversed
85arcs.  In this case, an adaptor class is used, which (according
[451]86to LEMON \ref concepts::Digraph "digraph concepts") works as a digraph.
87The adaptor uses the original digraph structure and digraph operations when
88methods of the reversed oriented graph are called.  This means that the adaptor
89have minor memory usage, and do not perform sophisticated algorithmic
[416]90actions.  The purpose of it is to give a tool for the cases when a
91graph have to be used in a specific alteration.  If this alteration is
[451]92obtained by a usual construction like filtering the node or the arc set or
[416]93considering a new orientation, then an adaptor is worthwhile to use.
94To come back to the reverse oriented graph, in this situation
95\code
96template<typename Digraph> class ReverseDigraph;
97\endcode
98template class can be used. The code looks as follows
99\code
100ListDigraph g;
[451]101ReverseDigraph<ListDigraph> rg(g);
[416]102int result = algorithm(rg);
103\endcode
[451]104During running the algorithm, the original digraph \c g is untouched.
105This techniques give rise to an elegant code, and based on stable
[416]106graph adaptors, complex algorithms can be implemented easily.
107
[451]108In flow, circulation and matching problems, the residual
[416]109graph is of particular importance. Combining an adaptor implementing
[451]110this with shortest path algorithms or minimum mean cycle algorithms,
[416]111a range of weighted and cardinality optimization algorithms can be
112obtained. For other examples, the interested user is referred to the
113detailed documentation of particular adaptors.
114
115The behavior of graph adaptors can be very different. Some of them keep
116capabilities of the original graph while in other cases this would be
[451]117meaningless. This means that the concepts that they meet depend
118on the graph adaptor, and the wrapped graph.
119For example, if an arc of a reversed digraph is deleted, this is carried
120out by deleting the corresponding arc of the original digraph, thus the
121adaptor modifies the original digraph.
122However in case of a residual digraph, this operation has no sense.
[416]123
124Let us stand one more example here to simplify your work.
[451]125ReverseDigraph has constructor
[416]126\code
127ReverseDigraph(Digraph& digraph);
128\endcode
[451]129This means that in a situation, when a <tt>const %ListDigraph&</tt>
[416]130reference to a graph is given, then it have to be instantiated with
[451]131<tt>Digraph=const %ListDigraph</tt>.
[416]132\code
133int algorithm1(const ListDigraph& g) {
[451]134  ReverseDigraph<const ListDigraph> rg(g);
[416]135  return algorithm2(rg);
136}
137\endcode
138*/
139
140/**
[209]141@defgroup maps Maps
[40]142@ingroup datas
[50]143\brief Map structures implemented in LEMON.
[40]144
[559]145This group contains the map structures implemented in LEMON.
[50]146
[314]147LEMON provides several special purpose maps and map adaptors that e.g. combine
[40]148new maps from existing ones.
[314]149
150<b>See also:</b> \ref map_concepts "Map Concepts".
[40]151*/
152
153/**
[209]154@defgroup graph_maps Graph Maps
[40]155@ingroup maps
[83]156\brief Special graph-related maps.
[40]157
[559]158This group contains maps that are specifically designed to assign
[406]159values to the nodes and arcs/edges of graphs.
160
161If you are looking for the standard graph maps (\c NodeMap, \c ArcMap,
162\c EdgeMap), see the \ref graph_concepts "Graph Structure Concepts".
[40]163*/
164
165/**
166\defgroup map_adaptors Map Adaptors
167\ingroup maps
168\brief Tools to create new maps from existing ones
169
[559]170This group contains map adaptors that are used to create "implicit"
[50]171maps from other maps.
[40]172
[406]173Most of them are \ref concepts::ReadMap "read-only maps".
[83]174They can make arithmetic and logical operations between one or two maps
175(negation, shifting, addition, multiplication, logical 'and', 'or',
176'not' etc.) or e.g. convert a map to another one of different Value type.
[40]177
[50]178The typical usage of this classes is passing implicit maps to
[40]179algorithms.  If a function type algorithm is called then the function
180type map adaptors can be used comfortable. For example let's see the
[314]181usage of map adaptors with the \c graphToEps() function.
[40]182\code
183  Color nodeColor(int deg) {
184    if (deg >= 2) {
185      return Color(0.5, 0.0, 0.5);
186    } else if (deg == 1) {
187      return Color(1.0, 0.5, 1.0);
188    } else {
189      return Color(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
190    }
191  }
[209]192
[83]193  Digraph::NodeMap<int> degree_map(graph);
[209]194
[314]195  graphToEps(graph, "graph.eps")
[40]196    .coords(coords).scaleToA4().undirected()
[83]197    .nodeColors(composeMap(functorToMap(nodeColor), degree_map))
[40]198    .run();
[209]199\endcode
[83]200The \c functorToMap() function makes an \c int to \c Color map from the
[314]201\c nodeColor() function. The \c composeMap() compose the \c degree_map
[83]202and the previously created map. The composed map is a proper function to
203get the color of each node.
[40]204
205The usage with class type algorithms is little bit harder. In this
206case the function type map adaptors can not be used, because the
[50]207function map adaptors give back temporary objects.
[40]208\code
[83]209  Digraph graph;
210
211  typedef Digraph::ArcMap<double> DoubleArcMap;
212  DoubleArcMap length(graph);
213  DoubleArcMap speed(graph);
214
215  typedef DivMap<DoubleArcMap, DoubleArcMap> TimeMap;
[40]216  TimeMap time(length, speed);
[209]217
[83]218  Dijkstra<Digraph, TimeMap> dijkstra(graph, time);
[40]219  dijkstra.run(source, target);
220\endcode
[83]221We have a length map and a maximum speed map on the arcs of a digraph.
222The minimum time to pass the arc can be calculated as the division of
223the two maps which can be done implicitly with the \c DivMap template
[40]224class. We use the implicit minimum time map as the length map of the
225\c Dijkstra algorithm.
226*/
227
228/**
229@defgroup paths Path Structures
230@ingroup datas
[318]231\brief %Path structures implemented in LEMON.
[40]232
[559]233This group contains the path structures implemented in LEMON.
[40]234
[50]235LEMON provides flexible data structures to work with paths.
236All of them have similar interfaces and they can be copied easily with
237assignment operators and copy constructors. This makes it easy and
[40]238efficient to have e.g. the Dijkstra algorithm to store its result in
239any kind of path structure.
240
[710]241\sa \ref concepts::Path "Path concept"
242*/
243
244/**
245@defgroup heaps Heap Structures
246@ingroup datas
247\brief %Heap structures implemented in LEMON.
248
249This group contains the heap structures implemented in LEMON.
250
251LEMON provides several heap classes. They are efficient implementations
252of the abstract data type \e priority \e queue. They store items with
253specified values called \e priorities in such a way that finding and
254removing the item with minimum priority are efficient.
255The basic operations are adding and erasing items, changing the priority
256of an item, etc.
257
258Heaps are crucial in several algorithms, such as Dijkstra and Prim.
259The heap implementations have the same interface, thus any of them can be
260used easily in such algorithms.
261
262\sa \ref concepts::Heap "Heap concept"
263*/
264
265/**
266@defgroup matrices Matrices
267@ingroup datas
268\brief Two dimensional data storages implemented in LEMON.
269
270This group contains two dimensional data storages implemented in LEMON.
[40]271*/
272
273/**
274@defgroup auxdat Auxiliary Data Structures
275@ingroup datas
[50]276\brief Auxiliary data structures implemented in LEMON.
[40]277
[559]278This group contains some data structures implemented in LEMON in
[40]279order to make it easier to implement combinatorial algorithms.
280*/
281
282/**
[714]283@defgroup geomdat Geometric Data Structures
284@ingroup auxdat
285\brief Geometric data structures implemented in LEMON.
286
287This group contains geometric data structures implemented in LEMON.
288
289 - \ref lemon::dim2::Point "dim2::Point" implements a two dimensional
290   vector with the usual operations.
291 - \ref lemon::dim2::Box "dim2::Box" can be used to determine the
292   rectangular bounding box of a set of \ref lemon::dim2::Point
293   "dim2::Point"'s.
294*/
295
296/**
297@defgroup matrices Matrices
298@ingroup auxdat
299\brief Two dimensional data storages implemented in LEMON.
300
301This group contains two dimensional data storages implemented in LEMON.
302*/
303
304/**
[40]305@defgroup algs Algorithms
[559]306\brief This group contains the several algorithms
[40]307implemented in LEMON.
308
[559]309This group contains the several algorithms
[40]310implemented in LEMON.
311*/
312
313/**
314@defgroup search Graph Search
315@ingroup algs
[50]316\brief Common graph search algorithms.
[40]317
[559]318This group contains the common graph search algorithms, namely
[755]319\e breadth-first \e search (BFS) and \e depth-first \e search (DFS)
320\ref clrs01algorithms.
[40]321*/
322
323/**
[314]324@defgroup shortest_path Shortest Path Algorithms
[40]325@ingroup algs
[50]326\brief Algorithms for finding shortest paths.
[40]327
[755]328This group contains the algorithms for finding shortest paths in digraphs
329\ref clrs01algorithms.
[406]330
331 - \ref Dijkstra algorithm for finding shortest paths from a source node
332   when all arc lengths are non-negative.
333 - \ref BellmanFord "Bellman-Ford" algorithm for finding shortest paths
334   from a source node when arc lenghts can be either positive or negative,
335   but the digraph should not contain directed cycles with negative total
336   length.
337 - \ref FloydWarshall "Floyd-Warshall" and \ref Johnson "Johnson" algorithms
338   for solving the \e all-pairs \e shortest \e paths \e problem when arc
339   lenghts can be either positive or negative, but the digraph should
340   not contain directed cycles with negative total length.
341 - \ref Suurballe A successive shortest path algorithm for finding
342   arc-disjoint paths between two nodes having minimum total length.
[40]343*/
344
[209]345/**
[714]346@defgroup spantree Minimum Spanning Tree Algorithms
347@ingroup algs
348\brief Algorithms for finding minimum cost spanning trees and arborescences.
349
350This group contains the algorithms for finding minimum cost spanning
[755]351trees and arborescences \ref clrs01algorithms.
[714]352*/
353
354/**
[314]355@defgroup max_flow Maximum Flow Algorithms
[209]356@ingroup algs
[50]357\brief Algorithms for finding maximum flows.
[40]358
[559]359This group contains the algorithms for finding maximum flows and
[755]360feasible circulations \ref clrs01algorithms, \ref amo93networkflows.
[40]361
[406]362The \e maximum \e flow \e problem is to find a flow of maximum value between
363a single source and a single target. Formally, there is a \f$G=(V,A)\f$
[609]364digraph, a \f$cap: A\rightarrow\mathbf{R}^+_0\f$ capacity function and
[406]365\f$s, t \in V\f$ source and target nodes.
[609]366A maximum flow is an \f$f: A\rightarrow\mathbf{R}^+_0\f$ solution of the
[406]367following optimization problem.
[40]368
[609]369\f[ \max\sum_{sv\in A} f(sv) - \sum_{vs\in A} f(vs) \f]
370\f[ \sum_{uv\in A} f(uv) = \sum_{vu\in A} f(vu)
371    \quad \forall u\in V\setminus\{s,t\} \f]
372\f[ 0 \leq f(uv) \leq cap(uv) \quad \forall uv\in A \f]
[40]373
[50]374LEMON contains several algorithms for solving maximum flow problems:
[755]375- \ref EdmondsKarp Edmonds-Karp algorithm
376  \ref edmondskarp72theoretical.
377- \ref Preflow Goldberg-Tarjan's preflow push-relabel algorithm
378  \ref goldberg88newapproach.
379- \ref DinitzSleatorTarjan Dinitz's blocking flow algorithm with dynamic trees
380  \ref dinic70algorithm, \ref sleator83dynamic.
381- \ref GoldbergTarjan !Preflow push-relabel algorithm with dynamic trees
382  \ref goldberg88newapproach, \ref sleator83dynamic.
[40]383
[755]384In most cases the \ref Preflow algorithm provides the
[406]385fastest method for computing a maximum flow. All implementations
[651]386also provide functions to query the minimum cut, which is the dual
387problem of maximum flow.
388
389\ref Circulation is a preflow push-relabel algorithm implemented directly
390for finding feasible circulations, which is a somewhat different problem,
391but it is strongly related to maximum flow.
392For more information, see \ref Circulation.
[40]393*/
394
395/**
[663]396@defgroup min_cost_flow_algs Minimum Cost Flow Algorithms
[40]397@ingroup algs
398
[50]399\brief Algorithms for finding minimum cost flows and circulations.
[40]400
[609]401This group contains the algorithms for finding minimum cost flows and
[755]402circulations \ref amo93networkflows. For more information about this
403problem and its dual solution, see \ref min_cost_flow
404"Minimum Cost Flow Problem".
[406]405
[663]406LEMON contains several algorithms for this problem.
[609]407 - \ref NetworkSimplex Primal Network Simplex algorithm with various
[755]408   pivot strategies \ref dantzig63linearprog, \ref kellyoneill91netsimplex.
[813]409 - \ref CostScaling Cost Scaling algorithm based on push/augment and
410   relabel operations \ref goldberg90approximation, \ref goldberg97efficient,
[755]411   \ref bunnagel98efficient.
[813]412 - \ref CapacityScaling Capacity Scaling algorithm based on the successive
413   shortest path method \ref edmondskarp72theoretical.
414 - \ref CycleCanceling Cycle-Canceling algorithms, two of which are
415   strongly polynomial \ref klein67primal, \ref goldberg89cyclecanceling.
[609]416
417In general NetworkSimplex is the most efficient implementation,
418but in special cases other algorithms could be faster.
419For example, if the total supply and/or capacities are rather small,
420CapacityScaling is usually the fastest algorithm (without effective scaling).
[40]421*/
422
423/**
[314]424@defgroup min_cut Minimum Cut Algorithms
[209]425@ingroup algs
[40]426
[50]427\brief Algorithms for finding minimum cut in graphs.
[40]428
[559]429This group contains the algorithms for finding minimum cut in graphs.
[40]430
[406]431The \e minimum \e cut \e problem is to find a non-empty and non-complete
432\f$X\f$ subset of the nodes with minimum overall capacity on
433outgoing arcs. Formally, there is a \f$G=(V,A)\f$ digraph, a
434\f$cap: A\rightarrow\mathbf{R}^+_0\f$ capacity function. The minimum
[50]435cut is the \f$X\f$ solution of the next optimization problem:
[40]436
[210]437\f[ \min_{X \subset V, X\not\in \{\emptyset, V\}}
[713]438    \sum_{uv\in A: u\in X, v\not\in X}cap(uv) \f]
[40]439
[50]440LEMON contains several algorithms related to minimum cut problems:
[40]441
[406]442- \ref HaoOrlin "Hao-Orlin algorithm" for calculating minimum cut
443  in directed graphs.
444- \ref NagamochiIbaraki "Nagamochi-Ibaraki algorithm" for
445  calculating minimum cut in undirected graphs.
[559]446- \ref GomoryHu "Gomory-Hu tree computation" for calculating
[406]447  all-pairs minimum cut in undirected graphs.
[40]448
449If you want to find minimum cut just between two distinict nodes,
[406]450see the \ref max_flow "maximum flow problem".
[40]451*/
452
453/**
[768]454@defgroup min_mean_cycle Minimum Mean Cycle Algorithms
455@ingroup algs
456\brief Algorithms for finding minimum mean cycles.
457
[771]458This group contains the algorithms for finding minimum mean cycles
459\ref clrs01algorithms, \ref amo93networkflows.
[768]460
461The \e minimum \e mean \e cycle \e problem is to find a directed cycle
462of minimum mean length (cost) in a digraph.
463The mean length of a cycle is the average length of its arcs, i.e. the
464ratio between the total length of the cycle and the number of arcs on it.
465
466This problem has an important connection to \e conservative \e length
467\e functions, too. A length function on the arcs of a digraph is called
468conservative if and only if there is no directed cycle of negative total
469length. For an arbitrary length function, the negative of the minimum
470cycle mean is the smallest \f$\epsilon\f$ value so that increasing the
471arc lengths uniformly by \f$\epsilon\f$ results in a conservative length
472function.
473
474LEMON contains three algorithms for solving the minimum mean cycle problem:
[771]475- \ref Karp "Karp"'s original algorithm \ref amo93networkflows,
476  \ref dasdan98minmeancycle.
[768]477- \ref HartmannOrlin "Hartmann-Orlin"'s algorithm, which is an improved
[771]478  version of Karp's algorithm \ref dasdan98minmeancycle.
479- \ref Howard "Howard"'s policy iteration algorithm
480  \ref dasdan98minmeancycle.
[768]481
482In practice, the Howard algorithm proved to be by far the most efficient
483one, though the best known theoretical bound on its running time is
484exponential.
485Both Karp and HartmannOrlin algorithms run in time O(ne) and use space
486O(n<sup>2</sup>+e), but the latter one is typically faster due to the
487applied early termination scheme.
488*/
489
490/**
[314]491@defgroup matching Matching Algorithms
[40]492@ingroup algs
[50]493\brief Algorithms for finding matchings in graphs and bipartite graphs.
[40]494
[590]495This group contains the algorithms for calculating
[40]496matchings in graphs and bipartite graphs. The general matching problem is
[590]497finding a subset of the edges for which each node has at most one incident
498edge.
[209]499
[40]500There are several different algorithms for calculate matchings in
501graphs.  The matching problems in bipartite graphs are generally
502easier than in general graphs. The goal of the matching optimization
[406]503can be finding maximum cardinality, maximum weight or minimum cost
[40]504matching. The search can be constrained to find perfect or
505maximum cardinality matching.
506
[406]507The matching algorithms implemented in LEMON:
508- \ref MaxBipartiteMatching Hopcroft-Karp augmenting path algorithm
509  for calculating maximum cardinality matching in bipartite graphs.
510- \ref PrBipartiteMatching Push-relabel algorithm
511  for calculating maximum cardinality matching in bipartite graphs.
512- \ref MaxWeightedBipartiteMatching
513  Successive shortest path algorithm for calculating maximum weighted
514  matching and maximum weighted bipartite matching in bipartite graphs.
515- \ref MinCostMaxBipartiteMatching
516  Successive shortest path algorithm for calculating minimum cost maximum
517  matching in bipartite graphs.
518- \ref MaxMatching Edmond's blossom shrinking algorithm for calculating
519  maximum cardinality matching in general graphs.
520- \ref MaxWeightedMatching Edmond's blossom shrinking algorithm for calculating
521  maximum weighted matching in general graphs.
522- \ref MaxWeightedPerfectMatching
523  Edmond's blossom shrinking algorithm for calculating maximum weighted
524  perfect matching in general graphs.
[40]525
[865]526\image html matching.png
[873]527\image latex matching.eps "Min Cost Perfect Matching" width=\textwidth
[40]528*/
529
530/**
[714]531@defgroup graph_properties Connectivity and Other Graph Properties
[40]532@ingroup algs
[714]533\brief Algorithms for discovering the graph properties
[40]534
[714]535This group contains the algorithms for discovering the graph properties
536like connectivity, bipartiteness, euler property, simplicity etc.
537
538\image html connected_components.png
539\image latex connected_components.eps "Connected components" width=\textwidth
540*/
541
542/**
543@defgroup planar Planarity Embedding and Drawing
544@ingroup algs
545\brief Algorithms for planarity checking, embedding and drawing
546
547This group contains the algorithms for planarity checking,
548embedding and drawing.
549
550\image html planar.png
551\image latex planar.eps "Plane graph" width=\textwidth
552*/
553
554/**
555@defgroup approx Approximation Algorithms
556@ingroup algs
557\brief Approximation algorithms.
558
559This group contains the approximation and heuristic algorithms
560implemented in LEMON.
[40]561*/
562
563/**
[314]564@defgroup auxalg Auxiliary Algorithms
[40]565@ingroup algs
[50]566\brief Auxiliary algorithms implemented in LEMON.
[40]567
[559]568This group contains some algorithms implemented in LEMON
[50]569in order to make it easier to implement complex algorithms.
[40]570*/
571
572/**
573@defgroup gen_opt_group General Optimization Tools
[559]574\brief This group contains some general optimization frameworks
[40]575implemented in LEMON.
576
[559]577This group contains some general optimization frameworks
[40]578implemented in LEMON.
579*/
580
581/**
[755]582@defgroup lp_group LP and MIP Solvers
[40]583@ingroup gen_opt_group
[755]584\brief LP and MIP solver interfaces for LEMON.
[40]585
[755]586This group contains LP and MIP solver interfaces for LEMON.
587Various LP solvers could be used in the same manner with this
588high-level interface.
589
590The currently supported solvers are \ref glpk, \ref clp, \ref cbc,
591\ref cplex, \ref soplex.
[40]592*/
593
[209]594/**
[314]595@defgroup lp_utils Tools for Lp and Mip Solvers
[40]596@ingroup lp_group
[50]597\brief Helper tools to the Lp and Mip solvers.
[40]598
599This group adds some helper tools to general optimization framework
600implemented in LEMON.
601*/
602
603/**
604@defgroup metah Metaheuristics
605@ingroup gen_opt_group
606\brief Metaheuristics for LEMON library.
607
[559]608This group contains some metaheuristic optimization tools.
[40]609*/
610
611/**
[209]612@defgroup utils Tools and Utilities
[50]613\brief Tools and utilities for programming in LEMON
[40]614
[50]615Tools and utilities for programming in LEMON.
[40]616*/
617
618/**
619@defgroup gutils Basic Graph Utilities
620@ingroup utils
[50]621\brief Simple basic graph utilities.
[40]622
[559]623This group contains some simple basic graph utilities.
[40]624*/
625
626/**
627@defgroup misc Miscellaneous Tools
628@ingroup utils
[50]629\brief Tools for development, debugging and testing.
630
[559]631This group contains several useful tools for development,
[40]632debugging and testing.
633*/
634
635/**
[314]636@defgroup timecount Time Measuring and Counting
[40]637@ingroup misc
[50]638\brief Simple tools for measuring the performance of algorithms.
639
[559]640This group contains simple tools for measuring the performance
[40]641of algorithms.
642*/
643
644/**
645@defgroup exceptions Exceptions
646@ingroup utils
[50]647\brief Exceptions defined in LEMON.
648
[559]649This group contains the exceptions defined in LEMON.
[40]650*/
651
652/**
653@defgroup io_group Input-Output
[50]654\brief Graph Input-Output methods
[40]655
[559]656This group contains the tools for importing and exporting graphs
[314]657and graph related data. Now it supports the \ref lgf-format
658"LEMON Graph Format", the \c DIMACS format and the encapsulated
659postscript (EPS) format.
[40]660*/
661
662/**
[351]663@defgroup lemon_io LEMON Graph Format
[40]664@ingroup io_group
[314]665\brief Reading and writing LEMON Graph Format.
[40]666
[559]667This group contains methods for reading and writing
[236]668\ref lgf-format "LEMON Graph Format".
[40]669*/
670
671/**
[314]672@defgroup eps_io Postscript Exporting
[40]673@ingroup io_group
674\brief General \c EPS drawer and graph exporter
675
[559]676This group contains general \c EPS drawing methods and special
[209]677graph exporting tools.
[40]678*/
679
680/**
[714]681@defgroup dimacs_group DIMACS Format
[388]682@ingroup io_group
683\brief Read and write files in DIMACS format
684
685Tools to read a digraph from or write it to a file in DIMACS format data.
686*/
687
688/**
[351]689@defgroup nauty_group NAUTY Format
690@ingroup io_group
691\brief Read \e Nauty format
[388]692
[351]693Tool to read graphs from \e Nauty format data.
694*/
695
696/**
[40]697@defgroup concept Concepts
698\brief Skeleton classes and concept checking classes
699
[559]700This group contains the data/algorithm skeletons and concept checking
[40]701classes implemented in LEMON.
702
703The purpose of the classes in this group is fourfold.
[209]704
[318]705- These classes contain the documentations of the %concepts. In order
[40]706  to avoid document multiplications, an implementation of a concept
707  simply refers to the corresponding concept class.
708
709- These classes declare every functions, <tt>typedef</tt>s etc. an
[318]710  implementation of the %concepts should provide, however completely
[40]711  without implementations and real data structures behind the
712  interface. On the other hand they should provide nothing else. All
713  the algorithms working on a data structure meeting a certain concept
714  should compile with these classes. (Though it will not run properly,
715  of course.) In this way it is easily to check if an algorithm
716  doesn't use any extra feature of a certain implementation.
717
718- The concept descriptor classes also provide a <em>checker class</em>
[50]719  that makes it possible to check whether a certain implementation of a
[40]720  concept indeed provides all the required features.
721
722- Finally, They can serve as a skeleton of a new implementation of a concept.
723*/
724
725/**
726@defgroup graph_concepts Graph Structure Concepts
727@ingroup concept
728\brief Skeleton and concept checking classes for graph structures
729
[735]730This group contains the skeletons and concept checking classes of
731graph structures.
[40]732*/
733
[314]734/**
735@defgroup map_concepts Map Concepts
736@ingroup concept
737\brief Skeleton and concept checking classes for maps
738
[559]739This group contains the skeletons and concept checking classes of maps.
[40]740*/
741
742/**
[714]743@defgroup tools Standalone Utility Applications
744
745Some utility applications are listed here.
746
747The standard compilation procedure (<tt>./configure;make</tt>) will compile
748them, as well.
749*/
750
751/**
[40]752\anchor demoprograms
753
[406]754@defgroup demos Demo Programs
[40]755
756Some demo programs are listed here. Their full source codes can be found in
757the \c demo subdirectory of the source tree.
758
[564]759In order to compile them, use the <tt>make demo</tt> or the
760<tt>make check</tt> commands.
[40]761*/
762
[406]763}
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